No, the film Split (2016), directed by M. Night Shyamalan, is not based on a pre-existing book. It’s an original screenplay conceived by Shyamalan himself, inspired by a real-life case of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID).
The Genesis of Split: An Original Shyamalan Creation
Split stands out as a testament to M. Night Shyamalan’s distinctive storytelling. Unlike many modern films that draw inspiration from novels, comics, or other established properties, Split is a wholly original concept born from Shyamalan’s creative vision and fascination with the complexities of the human psyche, specifically Dissociative Identity Disorder. The movie explores the extraordinary range of personalities that can manifest within a single individual suffering from this condition, focusing on Kevin Wendell Crumb, played by James McAvoy, who harbors 24 distinct identities.
Shyamalan’s interest in DID, stemming from his readings on the disorder, acted as the catalyst for the screenplay. While he drew inspiration from real-life cases, notably that of Billy Milligan, the film’s narrative and character arcs are entirely fictional. He didn’t adapt a previously published work but instead crafted a story around the possibilities – and potential dangers – inherent in DID.
Decoding the Narrative: Key Themes and Inspirations
While not based on a book, Split grapples with several profound themes. One is the concept of trauma and its impact on the mind. Kevin’s DID is portrayed as a defense mechanism, a way for his psyche to cope with severe childhood abuse. Another key theme is the power of belief and how it can shape reality. The film hints at the possibility of individuals with DID developing superhuman abilities, a controversial and sensationalized aspect that has sparked debate about its portrayal of the disorder.
Understanding the Influence of Billy Milligan
Though Split isn’t an adaptation, the story of Billy Milligan, a man acquitted of several crimes due to his diagnosis of DID, served as a significant, albeit loose, inspiration for Shyamalan. Milligan, who claimed to host 24 distinct personalities, including children, women, and foreigners, became a prominent figure in the public eye and the subject of numerous books and documentaries.
While the specific personalities and events depicted in Split are fictional, the underlying concept of a person harboring multiple, vastly different identities within a single body clearly draws from Milligan’s case. However, it’s crucial to emphasize that Shyamalan used Milligan’s case as a springboard for a fictional narrative, not as a factual retelling.
FAQs About Split and its Origins
Here are some frequently asked questions to clarify the film’s background and address common misconceptions:
FAQ 1: Is Split a sequel to another movie?
No, Split was initially conceived as a standalone film. However, Shyamalan later revealed that it exists within the same universe as his 2000 superhero film, Unbreakable, establishing a shared continuity that culminates in the 2019 film, Glass. Therefore, Split is more accurately described as the second chapter in what has become a trilogy.
FAQ 2: Did M. Night Shyamalan consult with experts on DID while making Split?
While Shyamalan undoubtedly conducted research on DID, the level and nature of his consultation with mental health professionals have been a subject of debate. Some critics have argued that the film perpetuates harmful stereotypes about the disorder, while others defend it as a work of fiction that explores the potential, albeit exaggerated, consequences of trauma. It’s important to approach the film with a critical eye, recognizing that it’s not a documentary or a scientifically accurate representation of DID.
FAQ 3: Is there a book based on Split now?
No, there isn’t a novelization of the film Split nor a book specifically exploring the backstory revealed in the movie. Though the film’s success could potentially encourage its adaptation into other forms, to date, there is no literary adaptation of Split.
FAQ 4: How accurate is Split’s portrayal of Dissociative Identity Disorder?
This is a contentious point. Many mental health professionals and individuals with DID have criticized the film for its sensationalized and potentially harmful depiction of the disorder. The suggestion that individuals with DID can develop superhuman abilities is particularly problematic, as it perpetuates a dangerous myth. While the film explores some aspects of trauma and its impact on the mind, it should not be viewed as an accurate representation of DID.
FAQ 5: What inspired the character of Casey Cooke in Split?
The character of Casey Cooke, portrayed by Anya Taylor-Joy, is a wholly original creation by Shyamalan. Her backstory as a survivor of abuse, her resourcefulness, and her connection to Kevin are all elements conceived specifically for the film’s narrative.
FAQ 6: Does Split promote stigma against people with Dissociative Identity Disorder?
This is a valid concern. The film’s portrayal of DID as linked to violence and superhuman abilities could contribute to negative stereotypes and discrimination. It’s crucial to remember that individuals with DID are more likely to be victims of violence than perpetrators.
FAQ 7: What is the significance of the ending of Split?
The ending of Split, where the media refers to Kevin as “The Horde” and acknowledges the events of Unbreakable, establishes the shared universe between the two films. It sets the stage for Glass, which brings together Kevin, David Dunn (Bruce Willis), and Elijah Price (Samuel L. Jackson).
FAQ 8: Was the Beast personality inspired by a specific real-life case?
While the overall concept of multiple personalities is inspired by cases like Billy Milligan, the Beast personality is a purely fictional creation. The idea of a personality with superhuman strength and abilities is a product of Shyamalan’s imagination and serves to heighten the film’s suspense and horror elements.
FAQ 9: What were the critical reactions to Split?
Split received mixed to positive reviews. Critics praised McAvoy’s performance but raised concerns about the film’s portrayal of DID. Some found the film to be a gripping thriller, while others criticized it for being insensitive and perpetuating harmful stereotypes.
FAQ 10: Where can I learn more about Dissociative Identity Disorder?
If you’re interested in learning more about DID, it’s essential to consult reliable and reputable sources such as the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation (ISSTD), the American Psychiatric Association, and the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). Avoid relying solely on fictional depictions or sensationalized media reports.
FAQ 11: How does Split connect to the film Glass?
Split introduces Kevin Wendell Crumb and his various personalities, setting him up as a key antagonist in Glass. Glass explores the intersection of Kevin’s DID and his superhuman abilities with those of David Dunn and Elijah Price, culminating in a showdown that examines the nature of reality and the potential for extraordinary abilities within ordinary people.
FAQ 12: Should I watch Split if I am sensitive to depictions of mental illness?
This depends on your personal tolerance. If you are easily triggered by portrayals of mental illness that you perceive as inaccurate or stigmatizing, you may want to approach Split with caution or avoid it altogether. Consider reading reviews and critiques from mental health professionals and individuals with DID to gain a better understanding of the potential issues before deciding whether to watch the film. Remember that it is a fictionalized account and should not be taken as an accurate representation of the disorder.