Adding a generator to your travel trailer expands your boondocking capabilities, allowing you to enjoy the comforts of home even when you’re far from traditional power hookups. This involves careful planning, selecting the right generator, and understanding the necessary electrical connections to ensure safe and efficient operation.
Selecting the Right Generator for Your Needs
Choosing the correct generator is paramount for a successful and safe installation. It’s not a one-size-fits-all situation, and factors like power needs, noise level, and fuel type should all be carefully considered.
Power Needs Assessment
The first step is to accurately calculate your power requirements. Make a list of all the appliances and devices you intend to run simultaneously in your travel trailer, noting their wattage. You can typically find the wattage on the appliance itself or in its owner’s manual.
Add up the running wattage of all devices you plan to use at the same time. Also, note the starting wattage of appliances like air conditioners and refrigerators, as they require significantly more power upon startup. The generator you choose must be able to handle both the combined running wattage and the largest starting wattage. A good rule of thumb is to add a 20% buffer to your calculations to account for unforeseen power demands.
Generator Types: Inverter vs. Conventional
There are two main types of generators: inverter generators and conventional generators.
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Inverter generators produce cleaner, more stable power, making them ideal for sensitive electronics like laptops and smartphones. They are also generally quieter and more fuel-efficient. Inverter generators are often the preferred choice for travel trailers.
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Conventional generators are typically less expensive but produce less stable power and are noisier. While they can be used in some cases, they are generally not recommended for travel trailers, especially those with sensitive electronic equipment.
Fuel Options: Gasoline, Propane, and Diesel
Generators are typically powered by gasoline, propane, or diesel.
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Gasoline generators are the most common and readily available. However, gasoline can degrade over time, requiring stabilization.
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Propane generators are cleaner-burning and propane has a longer shelf life. Many travel trailers already have propane tanks, making it a convenient option.
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Diesel generators are the most fuel-efficient and durable but are also the most expensive and typically heavier.
Installation Options: Portable vs. Permanently Mounted
The next decision involves whether to install a portable generator or a permanently mounted generator.
Portable Generators
Portable generators are versatile and can be moved around as needed. They are a good option if you only occasionally need generator power or if you want to use the generator for other purposes besides powering your travel trailer. However, they require manual setup and can be vulnerable to theft if not properly secured.
When using a portable generator, ensure it is placed in a well-ventilated area away from the trailer’s windows and doors to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. Use a heavy-duty extension cord designed for outdoor use to connect the generator to your travel trailer’s power inlet.
Permanently Mounted Generators
Permanently mounted generators are installed directly into the travel trailer’s chassis. They offer convenience and security but are more expensive and require professional installation. A permanently mounted generator typically involves integrating it into the trailer’s existing electrical system and fuel supply.
These generators often offer a quieter operation and can be started with a push of a button. They also tend to have longer lifespans and greater reliability.
Electrical Connections and Safety
Proper electrical connections are crucial for the safe and efficient operation of your generator. This includes understanding the power inlet, transfer switch (if applicable), and safety precautions.
Power Inlets and Transfer Switches
A power inlet is a receptacle mounted on the exterior of your travel trailer that allows you to connect the generator’s power cord. Choose an inlet that matches the amperage of your generator.
A transfer switch is a device that allows you to switch between shore power (from a campground outlet) and generator power without having to unplug and replug cords. This is especially useful for permanently mounted generators. Transfer switches can be manual (requiring you to flip a switch) or automatic (switching automatically when power is detected).
Safety Precautions
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a serious risk when using generators. Always operate the generator in a well-ventilated area and install a CO detector inside your travel trailer.
Also, be mindful of electrical safety. Use properly grounded cords and avoid overloading the generator. Before working on any electrical components, disconnect the power source and follow all manufacturer’s instructions.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions that address common concerns and provide additional clarity.
1. What size generator do I need for my travel trailer?
The generator size depends on your power needs. As detailed previously, add up the wattage of all appliances you plan to use simultaneously, including the starting wattage of high-demand appliances. Add a 20% buffer for safety. Choose a generator that can handle the peak wattage requirements.
2. Can I run my travel trailer’s air conditioner with a generator?
Yes, but you need a generator with sufficient starting wattage to handle the air conditioner’s initial power surge. Air conditioners typically require 2-3 times their running wattage to start. Inverter generators in the 3000-watt to 4000-watt range are often suitable for running smaller RV air conditioners.
3. Is it safe to run a generator while sleeping?
While a permanently mounted generator might be quieter and have better exhaust systems, the best practice is to avoid running a generator while sleeping. Carbon monoxide is odorless and colorless, and even small leaks can be fatal. Always ensure proper ventilation and a functioning CO detector.
4. Can I connect my travel trailer directly to a generator without a power inlet?
It is strongly discouraged to connect your travel trailer directly to a generator without a proper power inlet. This can be dangerous and can damage your electrical system. A power inlet provides a safe and standardized connection point.
5. What is the difference between a 30-amp and 50-amp travel trailer electrical system?
A 30-amp system has one 120-volt circuit, while a 50-amp system has two 120-volt circuits, providing a total of 12,000 watts of power. You will need a generator that matches the amperage of your travel trailer’s electrical system.
6. How do I maintain my generator?
Regular maintenance is essential for ensuring the longevity and reliability of your generator. This includes changing the oil, cleaning or replacing the air filter, checking the spark plug, and stabilizing the fuel. Refer to your generator’s owner’s manual for specific maintenance instructions.
7. Can I use a regular extension cord with my generator?
No. You should always use a heavy-duty extension cord designed for outdoor use and rated for the amperage of your generator. Using a regular extension cord can overload the cord and create a fire hazard.
8. What is the best way to secure a portable generator to prevent theft?
Use a heavy-duty chain and lock to secure the generator to the trailer’s frame. Consider purchasing a generator cover that conceals the generator from view.
9. How can I reduce the noise of my generator?
Choose an inverter generator, which is typically quieter than conventional generators. Place the generator as far away from your campsite as possible, and consider using a generator sound enclosure to further reduce noise levels.
10. What are the legal regulations regarding generator use in campgrounds?
Many campgrounds have regulations regarding generator use, including restrictions on operating hours and noise levels. Be sure to check the campground’s rules and regulations before using your generator.
11. How often should I change the oil in my generator?
The frequency of oil changes depends on the generator model and usage. Consult your owner’s manual for the recommended oil change interval. Generally, it’s recommended to change the oil after the first 25 hours of use and then every 50-100 hours of operation.
12. What is the best way to store my generator when not in use?
Drain the fuel from the carburetor and fuel tank to prevent gumming and corrosion. Store the generator in a dry, well-ventilated area. Consider using a generator cover to protect it from dust and moisture.
By carefully considering these factors and following these guidelines, you can successfully add a generator to your travel trailer and enjoy the freedom of off-grid power on your adventures. Remember to prioritize safety and consult with a qualified electrician if you are unsure about any aspect of the installation process.