The best type of wood for a trailer deck depends on balancing durability, cost, and weight. Pressure-treated lumber, specifically Southern Yellow Pine (SYP), stands out as the most common and often the most practical choice due to its relative affordability, weather resistance, and strength, provided it’s properly maintained.
Understanding the Demands on a Trailer Deck
A trailer deck endures relentless abuse. Think about it: constant exposure to the elements – rain, snow, sun, and extreme temperatures – coupled with the weight and friction of cargo being loaded, transported, and unloaded. Therefore, choosing the right wood is crucial for safety, longevity, and overall value. The ideal wood should possess the following characteristics:
- Strength: To withstand the weight of the load and the stresses of travel.
- Durability: To resist rot, decay, and insect infestation.
- Weather Resistance: To endure exposure to the elements without significant damage.
- Affordability: To keep costs manageable, especially for large decks.
- Weight: Heavy woods add to the trailer’s overall weight, impacting fuel efficiency and payload capacity.
- Availability: Easily accessible and readily available at local lumberyards.
The Top Contenders for Trailer Deck Wood
While SYP reigns supreme in many situations, other options deserve consideration, each with its own set of pros and cons:
Pressure-Treated Southern Yellow Pine (SYP)
As mentioned, Pressure-treated SYP is the workhorse of trailer decking. The pressure treatment process infuses the wood with chemicals that deter insects and fungi, significantly extending its lifespan.
- Pros: Relatively inexpensive, readily available, strong, and weather-resistant when properly treated.
- Cons: Can warp, crack, and splinter over time; requires regular sealing or staining for optimal protection; heavier than some alternative options.
Apitong (Keruing)
Apitong, also known as Keruing, is a dense hardwood imported from Southeast Asia. Its exceptional strength and durability make it a premium choice.
- Pros: Extremely strong and durable; resistant to wear and tear; naturally resistant to rot and insects; aesthetically pleasing.
- Cons: Significantly more expensive than pressure-treated lumber; harder to find in some regions; heavier than SYP.
Oak
Oak, particularly White Oak, is another strong and durable hardwood option. It’s prized for its resistance to rot and decay.
- Pros: Strong and durable; naturally resistant to rot and decay, especially White Oak; readily available in many areas.
- Cons: Can be expensive; susceptible to warping and cracking if not properly seasoned; heavier than SYP.
Composite Decking (Trex, TimberTech, etc.)
While not wood, composite decking offers an alternative with superior weather resistance and low maintenance requirements.
- Pros: Extremely resistant to rot, decay, and insects; low maintenance (no need for staining or sealing); available in various colors and textures; consistent quality.
- Cons: More expensive upfront than pressure-treated lumber; can be heavier than some wood options; can become hot in direct sunlight; not as strong as hardwoods like Apitong or Oak, requiring closer joist spacing.
Specialized Trailer Decking Products
Some manufacturers offer decking specifically designed for trailers. These products often combine the benefits of wood and composite materials.
- Pros: Designed specifically for trailer applications; often pre-treated for enhanced durability; may offer unique features like slip resistance.
- Cons: Can be more expensive than standard lumber; availability may be limited.
Choosing the Right Thickness
The thickness of your trailer deck boards is directly related to the strength and safety of your trailer. Factors influencing the appropriate thickness include the joist spacing and the intended load capacity.
- Common Thicknesses: 2×6 (1.5″ x 5.5″) is a common starting point for utility trailers, while heavier-duty trailers may require 2×8 (1.5″ x 7.25″) or even thicker boards.
- Consult Guidelines: Always consult your trailer’s manufacturer’s specifications or a qualified professional to determine the correct thickness for your specific trailer and intended use.
Installation Best Practices
Proper installation is just as critical as selecting the right wood.
- Spacing: Leave small gaps between boards to allow for expansion and contraction due to temperature and moisture changes.
- Fasteners: Use galvanized or stainless steel screws or bolts to prevent corrosion. Avoid using nails, as they can loosen over time.
- Sealing: Seal the edges of the boards after cutting to prevent moisture penetration.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions to further clarify the selection process:
FAQ 1: Is pressure-treated lumber safe to use?
Yes, modern pressure-treated lumber is generally safe when used as intended. The chemicals used are carefully regulated. However, it’s essential to wear gloves and a mask when cutting or sanding pressure-treated wood and to dispose of scraps properly, avoiding burning them.
FAQ 2: How often do I need to seal or stain my pressure-treated trailer deck?
Typically, you should reseal or restain your pressure-treated trailer deck every 1-2 years, depending on the climate and the level of exposure to the elements. Look for signs of wear, such as fading, cracking, or water absorption.
FAQ 3: Can I paint my trailer deck instead of staining it?
While you can paint your trailer deck, stain is generally recommended. Stain penetrates the wood, providing better protection, while paint forms a surface layer that can peel, crack, and chip more easily. If you do choose to paint, use a high-quality exterior paint specifically designed for decks.
FAQ 4: How do I prevent my trailer deck from warping?
To minimize warping, choose straight, dry lumber. Properly install the deck with adequate spacing between boards. Regular sealing or staining will also help to regulate moisture levels and prevent warping.
FAQ 5: What type of fasteners should I use for my trailer deck?
Galvanized or stainless steel screws or bolts are the best choice for trailer deck fasteners. These materials are resistant to corrosion, which is essential for outdoor applications. The length of the fasteners should be sufficient to penetrate the joists securely.
FAQ 6: Can I use plywood for my trailer deck?
While plywood might seem like a cost-effective option, it’s generally not recommended for trailer decks. Plywood is not as durable as solid lumber and is more susceptible to water damage and delamination. If plywood is absolutely necessary, use marine-grade plywood and thoroughly seal all edges.
FAQ 7: What’s the difference between ACQ and MCA pressure-treated lumber?
ACQ (Alkaline Copper Quaternary) and MCA (Micronized Copper Azole) are two common types of preservatives used in pressure-treated lumber. Both are effective in preventing rot and insect damage, but MCA is considered slightly less corrosive to metal fasteners.
FAQ 8: Is Apitong worth the extra cost for a trailer deck?
If you require maximum durability and plan to subject your trailer deck to heavy use and harsh conditions, Apitong is worth considering. Its superior strength and resistance to wear and tear can justify the higher price. However, for lighter-duty applications, pressure-treated SYP may be sufficient.
FAQ 9: How do I calculate the amount of wood I need for my trailer deck?
Measure the length and width of your trailer deck in feet. Multiply these two numbers to get the total square footage. Then, calculate the square footage of each board you plan to use. Divide the total square footage of the deck by the square footage of each board to determine the number of boards you need. Add extra for waste and cuts.
FAQ 10: What is the best joist spacing for my trailer deck?
The ideal joist spacing depends on the thickness of the decking material and the intended load capacity. Generally, 16-inch on-center spacing is suitable for 2×6 decking, while 12-inch on-center spacing may be necessary for heavier loads or thinner decking. Consult your trailer manufacturer’s specifications or a qualified professional for specific recommendations.
FAQ 11: How do I remove old or damaged boards from my trailer deck?
Use a pry bar or claw hammer to carefully remove the old boards, taking care not to damage the trailer frame. Remove any remaining nails or screws. If the fasteners are corroded, you may need to use a reciprocating saw to cut them off.
FAQ 12: Can I use recycled plastic lumber for my trailer deck?
Recycled plastic lumber can be used for trailer decks, but it’s crucial to choose a product specifically designed for structural applications. Ensure that the plastic lumber has sufficient strength and rigidity to support the intended load. Also, be aware that plastic lumber can expand and contract significantly with temperature changes.