The size trailer needed to haul a car depends primarily on the vehicle’s dimensions and weight, but generally, a trailer 16 to 20 feet long with a weight capacity exceeding the car’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) is recommended for standard passenger vehicles. Understanding the specific requirements of your car and choosing the appropriate trailer ensures safe and legal transportation.
Understanding the Basics of Car Hauling
Choosing the correct trailer for hauling a car isn’t as simple as picking the biggest one you can find. It requires careful consideration of several factors, including the car’s weight, dimensions, the trailer’s capacity, and even the towing vehicle’s capabilities. Overlooking any of these aspects can lead to serious safety issues, legal penalties, or damage to both the car and the towing vehicle. This guide aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the requirements and considerations involved in car hauling, ensuring you make an informed decision.
Key Considerations Before You Haul
Before you even begin looking at trailers, gather critical information about the vehicle you plan to haul. This includes:
- Vehicle Weight: Consult the owner’s manual or the sticker located on the driver’s side doorjamb for the vehicle’s weight. Consider the possibility of additional weight from items inside the car.
- Vehicle Dimensions: Measure the length, width, and height of the vehicle. This is crucial for ensuring the car fits safely and securely on the trailer.
- Towing Vehicle Capacity: Your towing vehicle (truck, SUV, etc.) has a maximum towing capacity. Exceeding this limit is extremely dangerous and illegal. Check your owner’s manual for the specific towing capacity.
- Trailer GVWR: The Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of the trailer is the maximum permissible weight of the trailer and its load. It must be higher than the car’s weight plus the trailer’s weight.
- Trailer Type: Open car trailers are generally more affordable and easier to load, while enclosed trailers offer greater protection from the elements and potential damage.
Choosing the Right Trailer Size and Type
Once you have a clear understanding of the vehicle’s specifications and your towing vehicle’s limitations, you can begin selecting the appropriate trailer. The size and type of trailer will largely depend on the car being transported.
Open Car Trailers
Open car trailers, also known as deck-over trailers or flatbed trailers, are the most common choice for hauling cars. They offer excellent visibility and are typically less expensive than enclosed trailers.
- Length: For most standard passenger cars, a trailer between 16 and 20 feet long is sufficient. Larger vehicles, such as SUVs or trucks, may require a longer trailer.
- Width: Standard car trailers are typically 8.5 feet wide, providing ample space for most vehicles.
- Weight Capacity: Ensure the trailer’s GVWR is significantly higher than the car’s weight. A safety margin of at least 1,000 pounds is recommended.
Enclosed Car Trailers
Enclosed car trailers provide greater protection for the vehicle being transported, shielding it from weather, road debris, and potential theft. However, they are typically more expensive, heavier, and can be more challenging to maneuver.
- Length: Enclosed car trailers generally require slightly more length than open trailers due to the interior walls and ramp system. A length of 20 to 24 feet is commonly recommended.
- Width: Similar to open trailers, enclosed trailers typically have a width of 8.5 feet.
- Height: The interior height of the enclosed trailer is crucial, especially for taller vehicles. Ensure there is sufficient clearance for the vehicle’s roof and any attachments, such as antennas.
- Weight Capacity: Enclosed trailers are typically heavier than open trailers, so be sure to account for this extra weight when calculating the GVWR.
Safety Considerations and Legal Requirements
Hauling a car safely and legally requires adherence to specific regulations and best practices. Neglecting these aspects can lead to accidents, fines, and legal consequences.
Securing the Vehicle
Properly securing the vehicle to the trailer is paramount to prevent movement during transit. Use high-quality ratchet straps or wheel nets that are specifically designed for car hauling.
- Placement: Secure the vehicle at all four corners, ensuring the straps are evenly tensioned.
- Inspection: Regularly inspect the straps for wear and tear and replace them as needed.
- Wheel Chocks: Consider using wheel chocks for added security, especially on inclines.
Weight Distribution
Proper weight distribution is crucial for maintaining stability and preventing trailer sway.
- Tongue Weight: Aim for a tongue weight of approximately 10-15% of the total trailer weight.
- Placement: Position the car on the trailer so that the majority of the weight is distributed evenly over the axles.
Legal Regulations
- DOT Regulations: Ensure your towing vehicle and trailer comply with all Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations.
- Licensing and Registration: Verify that your trailer is properly licensed and registered.
- Braking Systems: Depending on the weight of the trailer, you may be required to have a functional braking system.
- Speed Limits: Be aware of speed limits for vehicles towing trailers, which may differ from standard speed limits.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
FAQ 1: What happens if my trailer is too small for my car?
Using a trailer that is too small is extremely dangerous. The car might not be properly secured, leading to shifting during transit and potential accidents. Additionally, it could overload the trailer, causing structural damage and compromising safety.
FAQ 2: Can I haul a car with a single-axle trailer?
While technically possible for very small and lightweight cars, it’s generally not recommended. Dual-axle trailers provide significantly more stability and weight distribution, making them a safer choice for car hauling. Single-axle trailers are more prone to swaying and can be more difficult to control.
FAQ 3: What’s the difference between a tilt trailer and a ramp trailer?
A tilt trailer tilts the entire deck to allow the car to be driven on or off. A ramp trailer uses ramps that are either stored on the trailer or are separate and need to be manually positioned. Tilt trailers can be easier for loading lower-profile vehicles, while ramp trailers offer more flexibility.
FAQ 4: Do I need special mirrors to tow a car trailer?
In many cases, extended towing mirrors are required to provide adequate visibility to the rear and sides of the trailer. This is especially important for longer trailers. Check your local laws regarding mirror requirements.
FAQ 5: How much does it cost to rent a car trailer?
The cost of renting a car trailer can vary depending on the size, type, and rental duration. Expect to pay anywhere from $75 to $200 per day for an open car trailer and $150 to $400 per day for an enclosed trailer.
FAQ 6: What are the best types of straps for securing a car?
Ratchet straps are the most common and reliable choice for securing a car to a trailer. Wheel nets, which wrap around the tires, are another excellent option, providing a secure and gentle hold. Ensure the straps are rated for the weight of the vehicle.
FAQ 7: Is it better to buy or rent a car trailer?
The decision to buy or rent depends on how frequently you plan to haul cars. If you only need to haul a car occasionally, renting is likely the more cost-effective option. If you plan to haul cars regularly, buying a trailer may be a better investment.
FAQ 8: How do I calculate tongue weight?
Tongue weight can be measured using a tongue weight scale. Place the scale under the trailer coupler and read the measurement. Alternatively, you can use a bathroom scale and a lever system for an approximate measurement. As mentioned above, aim for 10-15% of the trailer’s total loaded weight.
FAQ 9: Can I haul a car with my SUV?
Whether you can haul a car with your SUV depends on the SUV’s towing capacity. Consult your owner’s manual to determine the maximum towing capacity. Be sure to factor in the weight of the trailer in addition to the car.
FAQ 10: What are the signs of trailer sway?
Trailer sway can manifest as a wobbling or fishtailing sensation while driving. It can be caused by improper weight distribution, excessive speed, or strong crosswinds. If you experience trailer sway, reduce your speed and gradually apply the trailer brakes.
FAQ 11: Do I need a special driver’s license to haul a car trailer?
Depending on the combined weight of the towing vehicle and the trailer, you may need a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) or a special endorsement. Check your local laws to determine the specific requirements in your area.
FAQ 12: Where can I find a reputable car trailer rental company?
Look for established rental companies with positive reviews and a wide selection of trailers. Check online resources like U-Haul, rental websites, and local equipment rental businesses. Always inspect the trailer thoroughly before renting.