Choosing the right trailer for your skid steer is crucial for safe and efficient transportation. The correct trailer size is primarily determined by the skid steer’s operating weight and dimensions, ensuring it can be hauled safely and legally. This guide provides a comprehensive breakdown of trailer sizing considerations and answers frequently asked questions to help you make the best decision.
Understanding Skid Steer and Trailer Specifications
Before you can choose a trailer, you need to understand the key specifications of both your skid steer and the trailer options available. Ignoring these details can lead to dangerous situations and costly fines.
Skid Steer Weight and Dimensions
The most critical factor is the operating weight of your skid steer. This weight, which includes the machine itself, attachments, and any fluids, can typically be found on the manufacturer’s specification sheet or a plate on the machine itself. Don’t guess! Also note the skid steer’s dimensions (length, width, and height), particularly the length with a commonly used attachment. This ensures the skid steer will fit comfortably on the trailer deck.
Trailer Weight Capacity (GVWR and Payload)
Trailers are rated based on their Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), which is the maximum permissible weight of the trailer and its cargo combined. The payload capacity is the maximum weight the trailer can carry (GVWR minus the trailer’s empty weight). Make sure the trailer’s payload capacity significantly exceeds the operating weight of your skid steer. Aim for at least a 10-20% safety margin to account for potential variations in weight and to prevent overloading.
Trailer Deck Length and Width
The deck length must be sufficient to accommodate the length of your skid steer, even with attachments. Similarly, the deck width needs to be wide enough to allow safe loading and unloading and secure tie-down points. Standard skid steer trailers range from 16 to 20 feet in length and 82 to 102 inches in width.
Determining the Ideal Trailer Size
The ‘ideal’ trailer size isn’t a fixed number; it depends on your specific skid steer model and its typical usage. However, a good starting point is a tandem axle trailer with a GVWR of at least 7,000 lbs and a deck length of 16-20 feet. For larger skid steers or frequent hauling of heavy attachments, you may need a trailer with a higher GVWR and a longer deck.
Example Scenario
Let’s say you own a skid steer with an operating weight of 6,000 lbs. A trailer with a GVWR of 7,000 lbs wouldn’t be sufficient because it only offers a payload capacity of, for example, 2,000 lbs after deducting the trailer’s weight (often between 1000 and 1500lbs). A trailer with a GVWR of 10,000 lbs, providing a payload capacity of around 7,500-8,000 lbs, would be a much safer and more appropriate choice.
Trailer Types for Skid Steers
Several types of trailers are suitable for hauling skid steers, each with its own advantages:
- Flatbed Trailers: These are versatile and widely used for skid steers. They offer a low deck height for easy loading and unloading.
- Tilt Trailers: These trailers have a tilting deck, eliminating the need for ramps and simplifying loading/unloading. They are a popular choice for frequent use.
- Equipment Trailers: These are heavy-duty trailers designed specifically for hauling construction equipment. They often have higher GVWRs and more robust construction.
- Gooseneck Trailers: Ideal for very heavy skid steers and long-distance hauling. They offer superior stability and weight distribution but require a specialized hitch in the tow vehicle.
Important Considerations for Safe Trailering
Besides size, several other factors contribute to safe and legal trailering.
Tow Vehicle Capacity
Ensure your tow vehicle has the towing capacity to handle the combined weight of the trailer and the skid steer. Check your vehicle’s owner’s manual for the manufacturer’s recommended towing limits. Exceeding this limit can damage your vehicle and create a serious safety hazard.
Trailer Brakes
Trailer brakes are essential, especially for heavier loads. Most states require trailer brakes for trailers with a GVWR over a certain weight (often 3,000 lbs). Electric brakes are the most common type on skid steer trailers. Ensure they are properly adjusted and functioning correctly.
Tie-Down Points and Straps
Secure your skid steer to the trailer using high-quality tie-down straps or chains. Use multiple tie-down points to prevent the skid steer from shifting during transport. Make sure the straps or chains are rated for the weight of your equipment. Always double-check that everything is secure before starting your trip.
Legal Regulations and Permits
Familiarize yourself with the legal regulations regarding trailer width, length, and weight in your state and any states you plan to travel through. You may need to obtain special permits for oversized loads. Ignorance of the law is not an excuse, and fines can be substantial.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
FAQ 1: What happens if I overload my trailer?
Overloading a trailer can lead to tire blowouts, brake failure, and structural damage to the trailer. It also significantly increases the risk of accidents and can result in hefty fines.
FAQ 2: How do I determine the operating weight of my skid steer?
Consult the manufacturer’s specifications for your specific skid steer model. This information can usually be found online, in the owner’s manual, or on a plate attached to the machine.
FAQ 3: What type of hitch is best for a skid steer trailer?
A ball hitch is common for smaller skid steer trailers. For heavier loads and gooseneck trailers, a gooseneck hitch is recommended.
FAQ 4: Do I need a special license to tow a skid steer trailer?
Depending on the GVWR of the trailer and the laws in your state, you may need a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) or a special endorsement on your driver’s license. Check with your local Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) for specific requirements.
FAQ 5: How often should I inspect my trailer?
You should inspect your trailer before each use, checking the tires, brakes, lights, and tie-down points. Regular maintenance, including greasing bearings and checking electrical connections, is also essential.
FAQ 6: What size ball hitch do I need?
The ball hitch size must match the size of the coupler on the trailer. Common sizes are 2 inches and 2 5/16 inches.
FAQ 7: What are the best types of tie-down straps to use?
Heavy-duty ratchet straps or chains with load binders are recommended for securing skid steers. Ensure they are rated for the weight of your equipment and in good condition.
FAQ 8: Can I use a single axle trailer for a skid steer?
Generally, no. Single-axle trailers typically don’t have the weight capacity or stability required for safely hauling a skid steer.
FAQ 9: How much does a skid steer trailer typically cost?
The cost of a skid steer trailer can vary widely depending on size, features, and brand. Expect to pay anywhere from $3,000 to $10,000 or more for a new trailer.
FAQ 10: What are some common mistakes to avoid when trailering a skid steer?
Common mistakes include overloading the trailer, using inadequate tie-down straps, neglecting trailer maintenance, and failing to comply with legal regulations.
FAQ 11: What’s the difference between electric and hydraulic trailer brakes?
Electric brakes are more common on smaller trailers and are controlled by an electric signal from the tow vehicle. Hydraulic brakes are more powerful and often used on heavier trailers. They require a hydraulic brake actuator in the tow vehicle.
FAQ 12: Where can I find reliable information on trailer laws and regulations?
Consult your local Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or Department of Transportation (DOT) for specific trailer laws and regulations in your area. You can also find information online on state government websites.
By carefully considering these factors and consulting the FAQs, you can select the right size trailer for your skid steer and ensure safe and efficient transportation. Remember, safety should always be your top priority.