The correct size electric trailer jack hinges entirely on the tongue weight of your loaded trailer. To ensure safe and efficient operation, you need a jack with a weight capacity that exceeds your trailer’s tongue weight by at least 20%. This margin provides a safety buffer and accounts for variations in load distribution.
Understanding Electric Trailer Jacks
Electric trailer jacks are powerful tools that simplify the process of hitching and unhitching your trailer. Unlike manual jacks, they require minimal physical exertion, making them ideal for users of all ages and physical abilities. Choosing the right size, however, is crucial for both safety and longevity of the jack itself. Using an undersized jack can lead to premature failure, while an oversized jack, though safer, may be unnecessarily expensive and bulky.
Defining Tongue Weight
Tongue weight refers to the downward force exerted by the trailer tongue on the hitch ball of your tow vehicle. It’s a critical factor in safe towing because it affects the handling and stability of your vehicle. Too little tongue weight can cause the trailer to sway dangerously, while too much can overload the rear axle of your tow vehicle. A typical tongue weight range is 9-15% of the total loaded trailer weight.
Identifying the Right Capacity
To determine the necessary jack capacity, first, accurately assess your trailer’s maximum loaded weight. This figure is typically found on the trailer’s VIN sticker or in the owner’s manual. Then, calculate the approximate tongue weight (9-15% of the total loaded weight). Finally, choose an electric jack with a rated capacity that is at least 20% higher than your calculated tongue weight.
Example:
- Trailer’s Maximum Loaded Weight: 5,000 lbs
- Estimated Tongue Weight (10%): 500 lbs
- Required Jack Capacity (500 lbs + 20% buffer): 600 lbs
- Therefore, a jack with a capacity of 750 lbs or more would be recommended.
Choosing the Right Type of Electric Trailer Jack
Beyond capacity, consider the type of electric trailer jack that best suits your needs.
A-Frame Jacks
A-frame jacks are designed for trailers with A-frame couplers, which are commonly found on travel trailers, boat trailers, and utility trailers. They are typically mounted directly to the A-frame.
Round Jacks
Round jacks, also known as tube-mount jacks, are versatile and can be used with various trailer types. They are mounted through a hole in the trailer frame.
Drop Leg Jacks
Drop leg jacks feature an adjustable drop leg that allows for faster and easier hitching and unhitching, especially on uneven terrain. This leg extension reduces the amount of cranking needed, saving time and effort.
Installation and Maintenance
Proper installation and maintenance are key to ensuring the long-term performance of your electric trailer jack. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully during installation. Regularly inspect the jack for signs of wear and tear, such as corrosion or damage. Lubricate moving parts as needed to ensure smooth operation.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions to further clarify the selection process:
FAQ 1: How do I accurately measure tongue weight?
Several methods exist for measuring tongue weight. You can use a dedicated tongue weight scale, which is the most accurate method. Alternatively, you can use a standard bathroom scale with a lever system (search online for “DIY tongue weight scale”). Ensure the trailer is level during measurement. Avoid relying solely on estimates; precise measurement is crucial for safety.
FAQ 2: What happens if I use an electric jack with too low a weight capacity?
Using an undersized jack can lead to several problems, including overheating, premature wear and tear, bending or breaking of the jack components, and potential safety hazards if the jack fails while lifting the trailer.
FAQ 3: Can I use an electric jack with a much higher weight capacity than I need?
While using an oversized jack won’t necessarily cause harm, it may be unnecessarily expensive and bulky. It’s generally better to choose a jack that is appropriately sized for your trailer’s tongue weight.
FAQ 4: Are all electric trailer jacks 12-volt?
Most electric trailer jacks are designed to operate on 12-volt DC power, which is the standard voltage for most vehicle electrical systems. However, always check the manufacturer’s specifications to ensure compatibility with your vehicle’s electrical system.
FAQ 5: How do I wire an electric trailer jack?
Wiring an electric trailer jack typically involves connecting it to the vehicle’s 12-volt battery. You’ll need to use appropriate gauge wiring and a fuse to protect the circuit. Consult the jack’s instruction manual and, if you are not comfortable with electrical work, consider having it professionally installed. Remember to disconnect the battery before starting any electrical work.
FAQ 6: What is the typical lift height of an electric trailer jack?
The lift height varies depending on the model. Check the manufacturer’s specifications to determine the lift height range for a particular jack. Consider the terrain you typically encounter and choose a jack with sufficient lift height to easily hitch and unhitch your trailer.
FAQ 7: Do electric trailer jacks have a manual override?
Many, but not all, electric trailer jacks feature a manual override. This allows you to crank the jack up or down manually in case of a power failure. This is a valuable feature for ensuring you can still operate your trailer in emergency situations.
FAQ 8: How often should I lubricate my electric trailer jack?
Lubrication frequency depends on usage and environmental conditions. Generally, it’s a good practice to lubricate moving parts at least twice a year, or more frequently if you use the jack extensively or in harsh environments. Use a high-quality grease specifically designed for trailer jacks.
FAQ 9: What is the warranty on an electric trailer jack?
Warranty terms vary by manufacturer. Carefully review the warranty information before purchasing an electric trailer jack. A longer warranty period often indicates a higher quality product.
FAQ 10: Can I install an electric trailer jack myself?
Installation difficulty varies depending on the jack model and your mechanical skills. If you are comfortable with basic tools and electrical wiring, you may be able to install it yourself. However, if you are unsure, it is always best to have it professionally installed.
FAQ 11: What are the benefits of having a built-in light on an electric trailer jack?
A built-in light provides added visibility during nighttime hitching and unhitching, making the process safer and easier. This is especially helpful in dimly lit campsites or parking areas.
FAQ 12: Are there any accessories I should consider when buying an electric trailer jack?
Consider purchasing accessories such as a protective cover to shield the jack from the elements, a footpad for added stability on soft ground, and a remote control for convenient operation from a distance.
By carefully considering your trailer’s tongue weight, the type of electric trailer jack that best suits your needs, and the answers to these frequently asked questions, you can make an informed decision and choose the right size electric trailer jack for your trailer. This will ensure safe, efficient, and hassle-free hitching and unhitching for years to come.