The iconic Kodak Brownie camera, a symbol of accessible photography for generations, primarily uses 120 film, though some models utilize other formats like 620 film. Understanding the nuances of these film types and their compatibility with different Brownie models is crucial for breathing life back into these vintage marvels.
A Deep Dive into Kodak Brownie Film Compatibility
The Kodak Brownie wasn’t a single camera, but rather a series of models released over decades. This means that the film format varies depending on the specific Brownie you own. The most common film size is 120 film, a medium format film widely available even today. However, some early models, and those designed to be more compact, used the now-defunct 620 film. Distinguishing between these, and understanding their implications, is key to successful Brownie photography.
Identifying Your Brownie Model
The first step in determining the correct film is identifying your specific Kodak Brownie model. Look for markings on the camera itself – usually embossed on the body, lens ring, or inside the film compartment. Common names include “Brownie Hawkeye Flash,” “Brownie Six-20,” or simply “Brownie Model [Number]”. This identification is crucial because “Brownie” encompasses a wide range of cameras.
Understanding 120 Film
120 film is a roll film introduced by Kodak in 1901 for its Brownie No. 2 camera. It quickly became a popular medium format film size and is still widely available today. It produces images larger than 35mm film, offering greater detail and a distinctive aesthetic. Brownie cameras using 120 film typically produce images ranging from 6x6cm (square) to 6x9cm (rectangular) depending on the specific model.
Unveiling the Mystery of 620 Film
620 film is essentially a variant of 120 film, designed by Kodak to be used in smaller, more streamlined cameras. The film itself is identical to 120, but it is wound onto a thinner, more compact spool. The reason for its creation was solely to make smaller cameras possible, offering a perceived advantage over competitors. Because 620 is no longer manufactured, using 120 film in a 620 camera requires rewinding the 120 film onto a 620 spool in a darkroom or changing bag.
Brownie Cameras and Their Respective Film Types
Here’s a breakdown of some common Kodak Brownie models and the film they use:
- Brownie No. 2: Uses 120 film.
- Brownie Hawkeye Flash: Uses 620 film.
- Brownie Six-20: Uses 620 film.
- Brownie Fiesta: Uses 620 film.
- Brownie Starflash: Uses 127 film (another discontinued format).
*This is not an exhaustive list. Always verify the film type required by *your* specific model.*
Reviving Your Vintage Brownie: Practical Considerations
Successfully using a Kodak Brownie today requires a little planning and some careful execution. While 120 film remains readily available, the scarcity of 620 film necessitates adaptation.
Rewinding 120 Film onto a 620 Spool
The most common workaround for using a 620 Brownie is to rewind 120 film onto a 620 spool. This is a delicate process that must be done in complete darkness (using a darkroom or a light-tight changing bag) to avoid exposing the film. You’ll need an empty 620 spool, a roll of 120 film, and the appropriate equipment to wind the film.
Alternatives to Rewinding: Spool Modification
Some photographers attempt to modify 120 spools to fit within a 620 camera by sanding down the flanges. While this can work, it requires careful precision and carries the risk of damaging the camera or the film. It’s generally recommended to rewind the film instead.
The Availability of “Fake” 620 Spools
Occasionally, you might find vendors selling “620 spools” that are actually 120 spools modified to resemble the 620 format. While these can simplify the process, ensure they are properly manufactured and don’t damage your camera’s film transport mechanism. Thorough research is highly recommended before purchasing from unknown sources.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Kodak Brownie Film
FAQ 1: How do I know if my Brownie uses 120 or 620 film?
Answer: The best way to determine the film type is to consult the camera’s manual (if available) or search online for information about your specific model. As mentioned earlier, the camera’s name or model number is often printed on the body. If the camera is labeled “Six-20,” it almost certainly uses 620 film.
FAQ 2: Where can I find 120 film today?
Answer: 120 film is readily available from most online photography retailers, camera stores, and even some larger chain stores. Brands like Kodak, Ilford, and Fuji offer a variety of 120 film stocks in black and white and color.
FAQ 3: Is it safe to force a 120 spool into a 620 camera?
Answer: Absolutely not. Forcing a 120 spool into a 620 camera can damage the camera’s internal mechanism and potentially scratch or tear the film. Rewinding is the safest method.
FAQ 4: Can I develop 120 film at a regular photo lab?
Answer: Yes, most photo labs that develop film can process 120 film. However, it’s always best to confirm with the lab beforehand to ensure they have the necessary equipment and expertise.
FAQ 5: What happens if I try to use 620 film in a 120 camera?
Answer: The thinner 620 spool might not fit properly in the 120 camera’s film chamber, leading to improper film advance and potential light leaks.
FAQ 6: Are there any modern films that are exactly the same as 620 film?
Answer: No, there are no modern films manufactured specifically as 620. However, as explained before, the film stock itself is identical to 120. The difference lies solely in the spool.
FAQ 7: How do I wind the film forward on a Kodak Brownie?
Answer: Most Brownie cameras have a winding knob or lever. You’ll need to advance the film after each exposure to bring the next frame into position. Some models feature a red window on the back that displays frame numbers printed on the film backing paper.
FAQ 8: Can I convert my 620 Brownie to use 120 film permanently?
Answer: While some modifications are possible, they often involve altering the camera’s structure. It’s generally recommended to stick with rewinding 120 film onto 620 spools to preserve the camera’s original condition.
FAQ 9: Where can I find empty 620 spools?
Answer: Empty 620 spools can sometimes be found on online auction sites like eBay or through photography forums. Be aware of the spool’s condition; damaged spools can cause problems.
FAQ 10: Do I need a light meter to use a Kodak Brownie?
Answer: Many Brownie cameras lack built-in light meters. You can use a separate handheld light meter or rely on the “Sunny 16” rule, a simple method for estimating exposure based on lighting conditions. Alternatively, many smartphone apps provide accurate light meter readings.
FAQ 11: What are some common problems I might encounter when using a Brownie?
Answer: Common issues include light leaks (due to old seals), film advance problems (due to a sticky mechanism), and blurry images (due to a simple lens). Careful handling and proper maintenance can minimize these issues.
FAQ 12: Are Kodak Brownies good cameras for beginners interested in film photography?
Answer: Kodak Brownies offer a charming introduction to film photography due to their simplicity and historical significance. However, their limited features and reliance on manual controls can present a challenge. They are excellent for learning the fundamentals of exposure and composition. The relative inexpensiveness of the cameras also allows new film photographers to learn on a “disposable” camera that is still mechanically durable.