The correct generator for your travel trailer depends primarily on the total wattage requirements of the appliances and devices you plan to use simultaneously. Carefully calculate your needs, accounting for both running wattage and starting wattage, to ensure adequate power without overloading the generator and potentially damaging your equipment.
Understanding Your Power Needs: The Foundation for Choosing the Right Generator
Before you even think about brand names or flashy features, you need to understand your travel trailer’s power consumption. This isn’t just a matter of guesswork; it requires careful calculation and a realistic assessment of your camping style. Are you a boondocker reliant on self-sufficiency, or do you primarily stay in campgrounds with access to shore power? This distinction dramatically impacts your generator needs.
Step 1: Inventory Your Appliances and Devices
Make a comprehensive list of every electrical appliance and device you intend to use in your travel trailer. This includes, but is not limited to:
- Air Conditioner: This is typically the biggest power hog. Note both the running wattage and the starting wattage, which can be significantly higher.
- Microwave Oven: Another significant power consumer, especially during initial startup.
- Refrigerator: While often running continuously, the compressor requires additional power when it kicks on.
- Water Heater: If electric, this will require a substantial amount of power.
- Television: Relatively low power consumption compared to other appliances.
- Lights: Consider switching to LED lights for significant energy savings.
- Coffee Maker: Another appliance with a notable starting wattage.
- Hair Dryer: Typically a high-wattage appliance.
- Electric Kettle: Similar power draw to a hair dryer.
- Chargers (Phones, Tablets, Laptops): Generally low power consumption individually, but add up if multiple devices are charging simultaneously.
Step 2: Determine Wattage Requirements
Once you have your list, find the wattage requirements for each appliance. This information is typically found on a label located on the appliance itself, in the owner’s manual, or online through the manufacturer’s website. Pay close attention to both the running wattage (the power required to keep the appliance running) and the starting wattage (the power required to start the appliance, often higher than the running wattage). The starting wattage is especially critical when sizing your generator.
Step 3: Calculate Total Wattage
Now comes the math. Add up the running wattage of all the appliances you anticipate using simultaneously. Then, identify the appliance with the highest starting wattage and add that value to your running wattage total. This is the peak wattage your generator needs to handle.
Example:
Let’s say you want to run:
- Air Conditioner (Running: 1300W, Starting: 2200W)
- Refrigerator (Running: 200W, Starting: 600W)
- Television (Running: 100W)
- Lights (Running: 50W)
Total Running Wattage: 1300W + 200W + 100W + 50W = 1650W
Highest Starting Wattage: Air Conditioner (2200W)
Peak Wattage Requirement: 1650W + (2200W – 1300W) = 2550W (We only add the additional wattage needed for startup)
Therefore, you would need a generator that can handle at least 2550 watts to comfortably run these appliances. It’s generally wise to add a buffer of 10-20% for unexpected power surges and to avoid running the generator at its maximum capacity continuously, which can shorten its lifespan.
Generator Types and Features: Choosing the Right Tool for the Job
Once you know your wattage needs, you can explore the different types of generators available.
Conventional vs. Inverter Generators
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Conventional Generators: These are typically less expensive and more powerful for their size, but they are also louder and produce less clean power. They operate at a constant engine speed, regardless of the load. This makes them less fuel-efficient and suitable for powering sensitive electronics.
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Inverter Generators: These generators produce clean, stable power suitable for sensitive electronics like laptops, smartphones, and modern TVs. They are also significantly quieter than conventional generators and more fuel-efficient, as they adjust their engine speed to match the power demand. They are generally more expensive but offer significant advantages for travel trailer use. For travel trailers, an inverter generator is almost always the preferred choice.
Fuel Type: Gasoline, Propane, or Dual-Fuel
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Gasoline Generators: Gasoline is readily available, but it can be more expensive than propane in some areas. Gasoline can also degrade over time, especially if stored improperly.
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Propane Generators: Propane burns cleaner than gasoline and has a longer shelf life. Some travel trailers already have propane tanks for appliances like stoves and refrigerators, making propane generators a convenient choice.
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Dual-Fuel Generators: These generators can run on either gasoline or propane, offering flexibility and convenience. They’re a popular choice for those who want the advantages of both fuel types.
Other Important Features
- Parallel Capability: Some inverter generators can be connected in parallel to double their power output. This is useful if you anticipate needing more power in the future.
- Electric Start: An electric start makes starting the generator much easier than a manual pull start.
- Remote Start: Some generators can be started remotely, providing added convenience.
- Low Oil Shutoff: This feature automatically shuts off the generator if the oil level is too low, preventing engine damage.
- Built-in Outlets: Consider the number and type of outlets (e.g., 120V AC, 12V DC) offered by the generator.
- Weight: Generators can be heavy, so consider the weight and ease of transport, especially if you plan to move it frequently.
- Noise Level: Noise can be a significant factor, especially in campgrounds. Look for generators with low noise ratings (measured in decibels – dB).
FAQs: Common Questions About Travel Trailer Generators
Here are 12 frequently asked questions to provide further clarity and address common concerns:
FAQ 1: How do I determine the starting wattage of my air conditioner?
Your air conditioner’s starting wattage is crucial for generator sizing. Typically, it is listed on the AC unit’s label or in the owner’s manual. If not, a good rule of thumb is to multiply the running wattage by 2.5 to estimate the starting wattage. Consult a qualified electrician if you are unsure.
FAQ 2: Can I use an extension cord with my generator?
Yes, but use a heavy-duty extension cord with a gauge appropriate for the amperage draw. A smaller gauge cord can overheat and potentially cause a fire. Consult an electrician for the correct gauge for your specific application.
FAQ 3: How often should I change the oil in my generator?
Refer to your generator’s owner’s manual for specific oil change intervals. Generally, it’s recommended to change the oil after the first 20-50 hours of use, and then every 100-200 hours thereafter. Regular oil changes are essential for maintaining the generator’s performance and lifespan.
FAQ 4: How should I store my generator when not in use?
Drain the fuel tank (or add a fuel stabilizer) if you plan to store the generator for an extended period. Store it in a dry, well-ventilated area, and cover it to protect it from dust and moisture.
FAQ 5: What is the difference between a parallel kit and a transfer switch?
A parallel kit connects two compatible generators to double their power output. A transfer switch allows you to safely switch between shore power and generator power, preventing backfeeding and potential damage to your electrical system. A transfer switch is strongly recommended for safety when switching power sources.
FAQ 6: Can I run my travel trailer’s air conditioner on a 2000-watt generator?
It depends on the air conditioner’s starting and running wattage. Some smaller AC units might run on a 2000-watt generator, but larger units will likely require more power. Always check the wattage requirements and ensure the generator can handle the peak load.
FAQ 7: What are the benefits of using an inverter generator over a conventional generator?
Inverter generators are quieter, more fuel-efficient, and produce cleaner power, making them ideal for sensitive electronics. Conventional generators are typically louder, less fuel-efficient, and produce less stable power.
FAQ 8: How do I ground my generator properly?
Most generators have a grounding terminal. Connect a grounding wire from the terminal to a grounding rod driven into the earth. Proper grounding is essential for safety and preventing electrical shock.
FAQ 9: How much noise does a typical inverter generator produce?
Inverter generators typically produce noise levels between 50 and 65 decibels, which is comparable to normal conversation. Look for generators with lower decibel ratings for quieter operation.
FAQ 10: Can I use my generator indoors?
Never use a generator indoors or in an enclosed space. Generators produce carbon monoxide, a deadly, odorless gas. Always operate the generator outdoors in a well-ventilated area. Carbon monoxide poisoning is a serious risk; install carbon monoxide detectors in your travel trailer.
FAQ 11: What is the best way to maintain my generator?
Regular maintenance includes checking and changing the oil, cleaning the air filter, inspecting the spark plug, and storing the generator properly. Refer to your owner’s manual for specific maintenance instructions.
FAQ 12: What size generator is recommended for boondocking?
For boondocking, where you rely solely on your generator for power, choose a generator that can comfortably handle your peak wattage needs, plus a safety margin of 10-20%. Consider a generator with parallel capability for future expansion.