The National Film Preservation Board (NFPB) acts as a vital advisor to the Library of Congress, focusing on identifying, preserving, and ensuring public access to America’s film heritage. For the past 25 years, it has been instrumental in shaping national film preservation policy, advocating for best practices, and raising awareness about the fragility and cultural significance of our cinematic history.
The Core Mission: Saving Our Films
The NFPB’s primary role is advisory. It doesn’t directly preserve films. Instead, it guides the Librarian of Congress on strategies for preserving film, influencing national policy, and supporting initiatives that promote preservation efforts. Its most significant contribution is the National Film Registry, an annual selection of 25 films deemed “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant,” showcasing the breadth and depth of American cinema. This designation brings heightened attention to the selected films, encouraging preservation efforts and increasing public awareness.
The Board also champions collaborative efforts. Its members, representing diverse organizations involved in film production, archives, education, and cultural heritage, bring a wealth of expertise and foster communication between various stakeholders. This collaborative spirit is essential for addressing the complex challenges of film preservation in the 21st century.
Celebrating a Quarter Century: Reflecting on Achievements
Looking back at the past 25 years, the NFPB has been remarkably successful in several key areas:
- Raising Awareness: Through the National Film Registry and related outreach programs, the Board has significantly increased public awareness of the importance of film preservation.
- Influencing Policy: The NFPB has provided crucial advice to Congress and the Library of Congress on legislation and policies related to film preservation.
- Promoting Best Practices: The Board has been a vocal advocate for standardized preservation techniques and the use of appropriate archival materials.
- Fostering Collaboration: By bringing together diverse stakeholders, the NFPB has facilitated collaboration and knowledge sharing within the film preservation community.
While substantial progress has been made, challenges remain. Funding for preservation efforts is always a concern. The increasing complexity of digital formats presents new and difficult preservation issues. The NFPB continues to adapt and evolve to meet these challenges, ensuring that future generations can experience the magic of American cinema.
Understanding the NFPB: Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some frequently asked questions that provide a more in-depth understanding of the NFPB and its work:
1. What exactly is the National Film Registry?
The National Film Registry is a list of 25 films selected each year by the Librarian of Congress, based on nominations from the public and recommendations from the NFPB. These films are chosen because they are considered culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. The Registry aims to raise awareness of the importance of film preservation and encourage institutions to preserve these cinematic treasures. Being selected for the National Film Registry is a prestigious honor and a powerful tool for advocating for a film’s preservation.
2. How does a film get selected for the National Film Registry?
The public nominates films for consideration. The NFPB then reviews these nominations, considers factors such as cultural impact, historical significance, and aesthetic value, and recommends films to the Librarian of Congress. The Librarian makes the final selection. Films must be at least 10 years old to be eligible.
3. Does being on the National Film Registry guarantee a film will be preserved?
No, inclusion on the National Film Registry does not automatically guarantee preservation. However, it significantly increases the likelihood of preservation efforts. The designation brings attention to the film, making it more attractive to potential funders and preservation organizations.
4. What is the relationship between the NFPB and the Library of Congress?
The NFPB is an advisory board to the Library of Congress. The Librarian of Congress, acting upon the advice of the NFPB, makes key decisions regarding film preservation policy and the National Film Registry. The Library of Congress also houses the National Film and Sound Recording Preservation Program, which provides vital support for preservation activities.
5. How is the NFPB funded?
The NFPB is primarily funded through appropriations from the United States Congress. This funding supports the Board’s operations, research, and outreach activities.
6. What are some of the biggest challenges facing film preservation today?
Several challenges loom large:
- Deterioration of Film Stock: Nitrate film, used extensively in the early days of cinema, is highly flammable and degrades over time. Even later film stocks are susceptible to fading and damage.
- Digital Preservation: The shift to digital formats presents new challenges. Ensuring the long-term accessibility of digital files requires ongoing migration to new formats and robust digital asset management systems.
- Funding: Securing sufficient funding for preservation efforts is a constant struggle.
- Access: Balancing preservation with public access is a delicate balancing act. Digitization can improve access but also introduces preservation risks.
7. What can I do to support film preservation?
There are several ways to get involved:
- Donate to film archives and preservation organizations.
- Support legislation that promotes film preservation.
- Educate yourself and others about the importance of film preservation.
- Watch and appreciate classic films!
- Nominate films for the National Film Registry.
8. What types of films are considered for the National Film Registry?
All types of films are eligible, including feature films, documentaries, short films, newsreels, and experimental films. The focus is on significance, not genre. The Registry reflects the diverse and rich tapestry of American cinema.
9. How does the NFPB address the challenges of preserving born-digital films?
The NFPB recognizes the growing importance of born-digital films. It advocates for best practices in digital asset management, including the use of open standards, robust backup systems, and regular migration to new formats. The Board also supports research into new preservation technologies.
10. What is the “Saving Our Cinema” report, and why is it important?
“Saving Our Cinema” is a report commissioned by the NFPB that provides a comprehensive overview of the state of film preservation in the United States. It identifies key challenges and opportunities and makes recommendations for improving preservation efforts. The report serves as a vital resource for policymakers, archivists, and other stakeholders.
11. Does the NFPB work internationally on film preservation efforts?
While the NFPB’s primary focus is on American film heritage, it recognizes the global nature of film preservation. It collaborates with international organizations and shares best practices to promote preservation efforts worldwide.
12. Where can I find more information about the National Film Preservation Board and the National Film Registry?
You can find more information on the Library of Congress website, specifically the pages dedicated to the National Film Preservation Board and the National Film Registry. These resources provide valuable information about the Board’s mission, activities, and the films included in the Registry. You can also find news articles and scholarly publications about film preservation. The website for the National Film Preservation Foundation is also a valuable resource.
Looking Ahead: The Next 25 Years
As the NFPB embarks on its next 25 years, it faces both significant challenges and exciting opportunities. The continued evolution of technology will require ongoing adaptation and innovation. The Board must remain vigilant in its advocacy for funding and policy changes that support film preservation. By continuing to foster collaboration, raise awareness, and promote best practices, the National Film Preservation Board will play a vital role in ensuring that America’s cinematic heritage is preserved for generations to come. Its work is not simply about preserving film; it’s about preserving our cultural memory and understanding who we are as a nation.