Turning on the water heater in your travel trailer is usually a simple process involving activating the propane system, ensuring the tank is filled with water, and engaging the heater’s switch. However, understanding the specifics and safety precautions is crucial for a comfortable and safe camping experience.
Understanding Your Travel Trailer Water Heater
Before you even think about flipping a switch, it’s essential to understand the basics of your RV’s water heater system. Most travel trailers utilize a propane-fueled water heater, often supplemented by an electric heating element for use when connected to shore power. The system typically includes a water tank (ranging from 6 to 10 gallons or more), a burner assembly (for propane heating), an electric heating element, safety valves, and controls.
Types of RV Water Heaters
While most RVs use a similar core design, there are two primary types you’ll encounter:
- Traditional Tank Water Heaters: These are the most common, heating a set amount of water within a tank. They take time to heat the water initially but maintain a consistent temperature.
- Tankless (On-Demand) Water Heaters: These heat water instantly as it flows through the unit. They offer a continuous supply of hot water but can require higher propane usage.
This guide primarily focuses on the traditional tank water heater, as it’s the most prevalent. However, principles of safety and tank preparation apply to both types.
Step-by-Step Guide to Turning On Your Water Heater
Here’s a detailed, step-by-step guide on how to safely and effectively turn on your travel trailer water heater:
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Ensure Water Tank is Full: This is the most critical step. Running a water heater without water will immediately damage the heating element in electric models and potentially cause significant damage in propane-only models. Check your RV’s monitoring panel to confirm the fresh water tank has sufficient water, or visually inspect the tank.
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Bypass Valve Check: Locate the water heater bypass valves. These valves allow you to bypass the water heater for winterization. Ensure they are in the correct position for normal operation, directing water through the water heater tank. Typically, there will be three valves. All valves should be set so the water flow goes through the water heater tank, not around it.
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Open the Pressure Relief Valve: Briefly open the pressure relief valve (PRV) on the water heater. This releases any trapped air in the tank, ensuring it fills completely with water. Water should flow freely from the PRV. If it doesn’t, investigate for clogs or blockages.
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Propane Activation (If Applicable): If using propane, ensure your RV’s propane tank is turned on and has sufficient propane. Purge the propane lines by lighting a stovetop burner for a few minutes. This will ensure propane reaches the water heater.
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Activate the Propane Water Heater: Locate the water heater switch, usually inside the RV near the monitoring panel or kitchen area. Turn the switch to the “ON” position. Some models may have a pilot light that needs manual lighting. Consult your water heater’s manual for specific instructions.
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Activate the Electric Water Heater (If Applicable): If connected to shore power and you prefer electric heating, locate the electric element switch. This is often located on the water heater itself, behind an access panel. Turn it to the “ON” position. Never run the electric element without water in the tank. Some models will have a switch inside the RV for this, too.
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Monitor and Test: After a period of time (usually 20-30 minutes), check the water temperature at a hot water faucet. It should gradually become hot. If not, re-check all steps and consult your water heater’s troubleshooting guide.
Safety Precautions and Tips
- Read the Manual: Always refer to your specific water heater’s manual for detailed instructions and safety information.
- Carbon Monoxide Detectors: Ensure your RV has properly functioning carbon monoxide detectors. Propane appliances produce carbon monoxide, a deadly gas.
- Regular Maintenance: Schedule regular maintenance checks, including flushing the water heater tank to remove sediment and inspecting the burner assembly and heating element.
- Winterization: Properly winterize your water heater to prevent damage from freezing temperatures. This involves draining the tank and bypassing it with antifreeze.
- Professional Inspection: Have your water heater inspected by a qualified RV technician periodically, especially before long trips.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
- No Hot Water: Check propane supply, electric element, bypass valves, and thermostat settings.
- Pilot Light Won’t Stay Lit: Check the thermocouple or gas valve.
- Water Leaks: Inspect connections, pressure relief valve, and tank for damage.
- Strange Noises: May indicate sediment buildup or a faulty heating element.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some commonly asked questions about turning on and using your travel trailer water heater:
FAQ 1: How do I know if my water heater tank is full?
You can check by opening the pressure relief valve (PRV). If water sprays out freely, the tank is full. If only air comes out, the tank is likely empty or partially filled. Also, monitor the water level on your RV’s control panel, if available.
FAQ 2: Can I use both propane and electric to heat the water faster?
Yes, many RVers use both propane and electric simultaneously for faster heating. However, be mindful of your power consumption if using electric, especially on a limited amperage connection.
FAQ 3: What temperature should I set my water heater to?
Most RV water heaters have a fixed temperature setting, typically around 130-140 degrees Fahrenheit. Some models may offer adjustable thermostats. Exercise caution at higher temperatures to prevent scalding.
FAQ 4: How often should I flush my water heater tank?
It’s recommended to flush your water heater tank at least twice a year, or more frequently if you notice sediment buildup in your water.
FAQ 5: What are the dangers of running the water heater dry?
Running the electric heating element without water will quickly burn it out, requiring replacement. Running a propane water heater dry can cause the metal tank to warp or crack.
FAQ 6: How do I light the pilot light on my water heater (if applicable)?
Consult your water heater’s manual. Generally, you’ll need to turn the gas valve to the “pilot” position, push and hold the igniter button while lighting the pilot light with a match or lighter. Hold the button for about 30 seconds after the pilot light ignites to allow the thermocouple to warm up.
FAQ 7: What is the purpose of the bypass valves?
The bypass valves allow you to isolate the water heater from the rest of the plumbing system. This is primarily used during winterization to prevent antifreeze from entering the water heater tank, saving you money and preventing contamination.
FAQ 8: What is the pressure relief valve (PRV) for?
The PRV is a safety device that releases excess pressure in the water heater tank. It prevents the tank from over-pressurizing and potentially exploding. It is crucial for safety and needs to be checked regularly.
FAQ 9: My water smells bad. What could be the cause?
A sulfur or rotten egg smell often indicates bacteria growth in the water heater tank. Flushing the tank with a bleach solution (following manufacturer instructions carefully) can help eliminate the bacteria.
FAQ 10: How do I winterize my water heater?
To winterize, drain the tank completely, bypass it using the bypass valves, and open all faucets to drain the lines. You can also use compressed air to blow out any remaining water. Consult your RV’s manual for specific winterization instructions.
FAQ 11: Can I leave my water heater on continuously while camping?
Yes, you can leave your water heater on continuously. However, doing so will consume propane or electricity. Consider turning it off when not in use to conserve energy.
FAQ 12: What size water heater do I need for my travel trailer?
The appropriate size depends on your water usage habits. A 6-gallon tank is sufficient for a couple, while larger families or those who prefer longer showers may benefit from a 10-gallon or larger tank. Consider a tankless option if continuous hot water is a priority.