Installing an electric trailer jack offers a significant upgrade in convenience and ease of use when hooking up and unhooking your trailer. The process, while requiring some mechanical aptitude, is relatively straightforward and can be completed in a few hours with the right tools and preparation.
Understanding the Benefits and Choosing the Right Jack
Before diving into the installation, it’s crucial to understand why you might want an electric trailer jack and how to select the appropriate model for your needs. An electric jack eliminates the manual cranking required with a traditional tongue jack, saving you time and effort, particularly when dealing with heavier trailers.
Benefits of an Electric Trailer Jack
- Effortless Operation: No more tiring cranking, especially beneficial for those with physical limitations.
- Faster Hookup/Unhook: Speeds up the hitching and unhitching process, getting you on the road quicker.
- Enhanced Stability: Many models offer adjustable footpads for greater stability on uneven terrain.
- Convenient Lighting: Integrated LED lights on some models provide illumination for nighttime hookups.
Choosing the Right Electric Jack
Selecting the correct electric jack is paramount for safety and performance. Consider the following factors:
- Weight Capacity: Choose a jack with a weight capacity exceeding your trailer’s tongue weight by at least 25%. This provides a safety margin and ensures the jack isn’t constantly operating at its maximum load. Tongue weight is the downward force exerted by the trailer tongue on the hitch ball.
- Lift Height: Determine the lift height required to adequately raise and lower your trailer tongue for hitching and unhitching. Measure the distance from the ground to the bottom of your trailer tongue when the trailer is level, then add a few inches for clearance.
- Tube Diameter: Ensure the jack tube diameter matches the mounting holes on your trailer’s A-frame. Most jacks are available in standard sizes, but verifying compatibility is crucial.
- Features: Consider features like built-in LED lights, manual override, and adjustable footpads based on your specific needs and budget.
Tools and Materials Required
Having the necessary tools and materials readily available will streamline the installation process. Here’s a comprehensive list:
- Electric Trailer Jack: The selected jack model.
- Wrench Set: A standard wrench set, including sizes appropriate for the mounting hardware.
- Socket Set: A socket set, including sizes appropriate for the mounting hardware.
- Torque Wrench: For tightening bolts to the manufacturer’s specified torque.
- Wire Strippers/Crimpers: For connecting the power wires.
- Electrical Tape or Heat Shrink Tubing: For insulating wire connections.
- Ring Terminals: For connecting to the battery or power source.
- In-line Fuse Holder and Fuse: Protects the jack’s electrical circuit from overloads.
- Multimeter: For testing voltage and continuity.
- Drill and Drill Bits (Optional): May be needed for drilling new mounting holes, though usually unnecessary.
- Safety Glasses: Protects your eyes from debris.
- Gloves: Protects your hands.
- Wiring (if not included): Check the jack specifications for the recommended gauge and length.
- Cable Ties: For securing wiring and preventing it from dragging.
Step-by-Step Installation Guide
Follow these steps carefully to ensure a safe and proper installation of your electric trailer jack.
- Disconnect the Trailer: Disconnect your trailer from the tow vehicle and ensure it is securely supported using wheel chocks and safety jacks.
- Remove the Old Jack: If replacing an existing jack, remove the old unit by unbolting it from the trailer’s A-frame. Use the appropriate wrenches or sockets for the mounting hardware.
- Prepare the Mounting Area: Clean the mounting area on the trailer’s A-frame. Remove any rust, dirt, or debris that could interfere with the jack’s secure attachment.
- Position the New Jack: Place the new electric trailer jack in the mounting holes on the trailer’s A-frame. Ensure the jack is properly aligned and seated flush against the A-frame.
- Secure the Jack: Insert the mounting bolts through the jack’s mounting plate and the trailer’s A-frame. Secure the bolts with nuts, tightening them by hand initially.
- Torque the Bolts: Using a torque wrench, tighten the mounting bolts to the manufacturer’s specified torque. Overtightening can damage the bolts or the trailer’s A-frame, while undertightening can lead to the jack becoming loose.
- Connect the Wiring: Connect the electric jack’s power wires to a suitable power source. Most jacks require a 12-volt DC power supply.
- Locate a Power Source: The most common power source is the trailer’s battery. You can also connect it to the tow vehicle’s battery, but this may require running a dedicated wire.
- Install an In-line Fuse: Install an in-line fuse holder as close as possible to the power source. This protects the jack’s electrical circuit from overloads. Use a fuse with the amperage rating recommended by the jack manufacturer.
- Connect the Positive Wire: Connect the jack’s positive wire (typically red) to the positive terminal of the battery or power source. Use a ring terminal and crimp it securely to the wire.
- Connect the Negative Wire: Connect the jack’s negative wire (typically black) to the negative terminal of the battery or power source. Use a ring terminal and crimp it securely to the wire.
- Proper Wire Management: Use cable ties to secure the wiring to the trailer frame, preventing it from dragging or becoming damaged.
- Test the Jack: Once the wiring is connected, test the jack to ensure it is functioning correctly. Use the jack’s control switch to raise and lower the trailer tongue. Check for smooth operation and listen for any unusual noises.
- Final Inspection: Inspect the installation to ensure all bolts are tightened, wiring is secure, and the jack is operating properly.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions about installing and using electric trailer jacks:
- What happens if the electric jack loses power? Most electric trailer jacks have a manual override feature, allowing you to crank the jack manually in case of a power failure. Consult your jack’s manual for specific instructions on using the manual override.
- What size fuse should I use for my electric trailer jack? The fuse size will depend on the amperage draw of the jack. Refer to the jack’s manual or the manufacturer’s specifications for the recommended fuse size. Using a fuse that is too small will cause it to blow frequently, while using a fuse that is too large will not provide adequate protection.
- Can I wire the electric jack directly to my tow vehicle’s battery? Yes, you can wire the electric jack directly to your tow vehicle’s battery, but it is recommended to use a dedicated wiring harness with a circuit breaker to protect both the jack and the vehicle’s electrical system. Ensure the wiring is properly insulated and routed to prevent damage.
- How do I maintain my electric trailer jack? Regular maintenance includes lubricating the jack’s internal components (following the manufacturer’s recommendations), inspecting the wiring for damage, and cleaning the jack to remove dirt and debris.
- What is the difference between a drop-leg jack and a standard electric jack? A drop-leg jack has an adjustable inner tube that can be lowered to provide additional lift height, useful for trailers with a high tongue. Standard electric jacks have a fixed lift height.
- Can I install an electric jack on any trailer? Electric jacks can be installed on most trailers with a suitable A-frame design. However, it’s crucial to verify that the jack’s weight capacity and mounting dimensions are compatible with the trailer.
- What is the proper way to level my trailer using an electric jack? Use the electric jack to raise or lower the tongue of the trailer until it is level. Use a level placed inside the trailer to ensure accurate leveling. Remember to use wheel chocks and safety jacks for added safety.
- How long should an electric trailer jack last? With proper maintenance and usage within its weight capacity, an electric trailer jack can last for many years. The lifespan will depend on the quality of the jack and the frequency of use.
- What do I do if my electric jack is making a grinding noise? A grinding noise typically indicates a problem with the jack’s internal gears or motor. Stop using the jack immediately and consult the manufacturer’s troubleshooting guide or a qualified repair technician.
- My electric jack is slow. What could be the problem? A slow-moving electric jack can be caused by a low battery voltage, a loose wiring connection, or a worn-out motor. Check the battery voltage and wiring connections first. If those are okay, the motor may need to be replaced.
- Is it safe to leave my trailer supported only by the electric jack? No, it is never safe to leave a trailer supported only by the electric jack. Always use wheel chocks and safety jacks for added stability and safety. The electric jack is primarily intended for lifting and lowering the trailer tongue, not for long-term support.
- Where can I find replacement parts for my electric trailer jack? Replacement parts can typically be found online through the jack manufacturer’s website or from reputable trailer parts suppliers. Be sure to identify the specific model of your jack when ordering replacement parts.
By following these steps and addressing these FAQs, you can confidently install and maintain your electric trailer jack, enhancing your towing experience with added convenience and safety. Remember to always prioritize safety and consult the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific jack model.