Securing a title for your trailer in Michigan is essential for legal ownership and operation. This comprehensive guide outlines the processes, requirements, and potential pitfalls involved in obtaining a trailer title from the Michigan Secretary of State (SOS).
Understanding Michigan Trailer Title Requirements
Michigan requires titles for most trailers, but understanding the specific rules is critical. Generally, all trailers weighing 2,500 pounds or more require a title. Trailers weighing less than this are often exempt, but there are exceptions, particularly for commercially used trailers. Let’s delve into the details.
What Types of Trailers Need a Title?
Michigan broadly categorizes trailers that need titles as:
- Travel trailers (campers): These are designed for recreational travel and typically require a title regardless of weight if they are considered “livable.”
- Boat trailers: If the boat trailer’s combined weight (trailer and boat) exceeds 2,500 pounds, a title is typically required for the trailer itself.
- Utility trailers: Used for hauling goods, these often require titles based on their weight and usage.
- Commercial trailers: Trailers used for business purposes generally require a title, even if they weigh less than 2,500 pounds.
The Titling Process: A Step-by-Step Guide
Obtaining a trailer title in Michigan involves several key steps. Ensuring you have all the necessary documentation is crucial for a smooth process.
Step 1: Gather Required Documentation
The documentation you need depends on your specific situation, but generally includes:
- Application for Michigan Title (Form BDVR-108): This form is available at Secretary of State offices or online.
- Proof of Ownership: This can be the Manufacturer’s Certificate of Origin (MCO) for new trailers, or a properly assigned title for used trailers.
- Bill of Sale: A bill of sale is a crucial document, especially when purchasing a used trailer from a private individual. It should include the seller’s name and address, the buyer’s name and address, the trailer’s Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), the date of sale, and the sale price.
- Valid Driver’s License or State-Issued Identification Card: To prove your identity.
- Proof of Insurance: While not always required for titling, it’s often necessary for registration, which usually follows titling.
- Payment for Fees: Titling and registration fees vary depending on the trailer’s type and weight. Check the Secretary of State’s website for current fee schedules.
- Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) Inspection: If the trailer is homemade or lacks a readily identifiable VIN, you may need a VIN inspection performed by law enforcement.
Step 2: Complete the Application
Carefully and accurately complete the Application for Michigan Title (Form BDVR-108). Double-check all information, especially the VIN, to avoid delays or errors.
Step 3: Visit a Secretary of State Branch Office
Take all your documentation and completed application to a local Secretary of State branch office. You can find locations and hours of operation on the Michigan SOS website.
Step 4: Submit Your Application and Pay Fees
Present your documents to the SOS staff, pay the required fees, and they will process your application.
Step 5: Receive Your Title
Once your application is approved, you will typically receive your title in the mail within a few weeks.
Dealing with Specific Scenarios
Different situations may require specific actions or documentation. Here are some common scenarios.
Obtaining a Title for a Homemade Trailer
Creating a trailer from scratch requires careful documentation and inspection.
- Obtain a Assigned Vehicle Identification Number (VIN): You will need to apply for a VIN from the Michigan Secretary of State. They will inspect the trailer and assign a VIN.
- Gather Receipts for Materials: Keep records of all materials used in the trailer’s construction, as this can help establish ownership and value.
- Have the Trailer Inspected: A law enforcement agency may need to inspect the trailer to verify its safety and compliance with regulations.
Transferring a Title from Another State
If you purchased a trailer in another state and plan to title it in Michigan, you will need:
- The Out-of-State Title: Properly assigned to you.
- A VIN Inspection (potentially): Depending on the state of origin and the trailer’s condition, a VIN inspection may be required.
- Michigan Application for Title: Complete the standard application form.
Obtaining a Title for a Trailer Without a Title (Lost or Missing)
This is perhaps the most challenging scenario and requires extra diligence.
- Check with the SOS: First, contact the Michigan Secretary of State to determine if the trailer was previously titled in Michigan.
- Apply for a Duplicate Title (If Possible): If the trailer was previously titled in your name, you can apply for a duplicate title.
- Apply for a Bonded Title (Surety Bond): If the trailer has never been titled, or you cannot prove ownership, you may need to obtain a bonded title. This involves purchasing a surety bond, which protects the state and any subsequent owners from potential claims against the trailer.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Below are twelve frequently asked questions designed to further clarify the process of obtaining a title for a trailer in Michigan.
FAQ 1: What is a Manufacturer’s Certificate of Origin (MCO)?
The Manufacturer’s Certificate of Origin (MCO) is a document issued by the trailer manufacturer that serves as the original proof of ownership for a new trailer. It’s similar to a birth certificate for a vehicle.
FAQ 2: What if the Bill of Sale is Missing?
If the bill of sale is missing, try to obtain a signed statement from the seller, including the same information as a standard bill of sale. If that’s not possible, a notarized affidavit explaining the circumstances may be accepted. However, this scenario significantly increases the risk of delays or denial.
FAQ 3: How much does it cost to title a trailer in Michigan?
Titling fees vary depending on the trailer’s weight, type, and any applicable taxes. Check the Michigan Secretary of State’s website for the most up-to-date fee schedule. Expect to pay around $15 for just the Title Transfer Fee (as of Fall 2024), but other fees will also apply.
FAQ 4: How long does it take to get a title for a trailer in Michigan?
Typically, it takes several weeks to receive your title after submitting your application. The processing time can vary depending on the volume of applications and any complications with your paperwork.
FAQ 5: Can I sell a trailer without a title in Michigan?
Selling a trailer without a title can be problematic and may be illegal, depending on the trailer’s weight and use. It’s best to obtain a title before selling to ensure a smooth and legal transaction. You may need to complete a process to get a title before completing the sale.
FAQ 6: What is a VIN Inspection?
A Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) inspection is a verification process to ensure the VIN on the trailer matches the VIN on the paperwork and that the trailer hasn’t been altered or stolen. It’s often required for homemade trailers or trailers with missing or damaged VIN plates.
FAQ 7: What is a Bonded Title and when is it required?
A bonded title, also known as a surety bond, is required when you lack sufficient proof of ownership, such as a title or bill of sale. The bond protects the state and potential future owners if a claim is made against the trailer. You would be required to obtain a Bonded Title when you need to Title your trailer but lack the traditional proofs of ownership (i.e. Title, MCO, Bill of Sale).
FAQ 8: What if I find the old title after obtaining a bonded title?
If you find the original title after obtaining a bonded title, you should still keep the bonded title active for the duration of the bond period. Consult with the Secretary of State for guidance.
FAQ 9: Do I need to register my trailer after I get the title?
Yes, in most cases, you will need to register your trailer after obtaining the title, especially if you plan to operate it on public roads. Registration involves obtaining license plates and paying annual registration fees.
FAQ 10: What happens if I lose my trailer title?
If you lose your trailer title, you can apply for a duplicate title at a Secretary of State branch office. You will need to provide proof of identity and pay a fee.
FAQ 11: Is there a weight limit for trailers that don’t need a title in Michigan?
Yes, trailers weighing less than 2,500 pounds are generally exempt from title requirements, unless used commercially or fall under other specific exceptions. However, it is always best to confirm with the Michigan SOS.
FAQ 12: Where can I find the Application for Michigan Title (Form BDVR-108)?
The Application for Michigan Title (Form BDVR-108) can be downloaded from the Michigan Secretary of State’s website or obtained at any branch office.
By understanding these requirements and following the outlined steps, you can successfully navigate the process of obtaining a title for your trailer in Michigan, ensuring legal ownership and peace of mind. Always verify information with the Michigan Secretary of State as requirements can and do change.