Covering a trailer with a tarp effectively involves more than just throwing fabric over the cargo. It’s about understanding proper techniques, securing methods, and material choices to protect your load from the elements and ensure safe transportation.
The Core Principle: How to Cover a Trailer with a Tarp
Successfully covering a trailer with a tarp hinges on four key elements: choosing the right tarp size and material, creating a secure and aerodynamic fit, utilizing proper tie-down methods, and regularly inspecting the setup throughout the journey. This means considering the dimensions of your load, selecting a tarp that completely covers it with ample overlap, securing it tightly to prevent flapping and water ingress, and using appropriate ropes, straps, or bungees to withstand wind resistance. In short, methodical planning and meticulous execution are the cornerstones of a well-tarped trailer.
Selecting the Right Tarp
Choosing the right tarp is paramount. It’s not a one-size-fits-all situation.
Tarp Material Matters
The material significantly impacts durability and suitability. Common options include:
- Polyethylene (Poly) Tarps: These are lightweight, inexpensive, and offer basic water resistance. Ideal for short-term use or protecting less valuable cargo. However, they are prone to tearing in high winds.
- Canvas Tarps: Heavier and more durable than poly tarps, canvas offers better protection against abrasion and the elements. However, they are less water-resistant and can become quite heavy when wet. They often require waterproofing treatments.
- Vinyl Tarps: These are extremely durable, waterproof, and resistant to tearing. They are a pricier option but provide superior protection for valuable cargo and long-haul transport.
- Mesh Tarps: These allow airflow while providing shade and some protection from debris. They are suitable for loads that need ventilation.
Sizing Up the Situation
Accurately measuring your load is critical. Choose a tarp that is significantly larger than the cargo, allowing for ample overlap on all sides. A good rule of thumb is to add at least 2-3 feet to each dimension (length, width, height) of your load. This excess material is essential for creating a secure and weatherproof seal. Don’t underestimate the importance of adequate tarp overhang.
The Art of Securement: Techniques and Tools
Simply draping a tarp over a load isn’t enough. Proper securement is essential for preventing the tarp from flapping, tearing, or coming loose during transit.
Tie-Down Options
Various tie-down options are available, each with its strengths and weaknesses:
- Rope: A classic choice, offering versatility and adjustability. Use high-quality rope designed for outdoor use and master secure knots like the trucker’s hitch for tightening and securing the tarp.
- Bungee Cords: Quick and easy to use, but less durable than rope or straps. They are best suited for light-duty applications and should be regularly inspected for wear and tear. Avoid stretching them to their maximum capacity, as they can snap.
- Ratchet Straps: The most secure and reliable option for heavy-duty loads. Ratchet straps allow for precise tensioning and are less prone to loosening during transit. Always use straps with a sufficient working load limit (WLL) for your load.
- Tarp Tie-Down Kits: These kits often include a combination of ropes, bungee cords, and other hardware specifically designed for securing tarps to trailers.
Mastering the Tie-Down Process
- Even Distribution: Distribute tie-downs evenly around the perimeter of the tarp, focusing on areas that are most exposed to wind.
- Anchor Points: Utilize existing anchor points on the trailer, such as D-rings or stake pockets. If none are available, consider adding them.
- Protect the Tarp: Use tarp protectors or corner protectors to prevent the tie-downs from cutting into the tarp material, especially at corners and grommets.
- Tighten Securely: Ensure that all tie-downs are tightened securely, but avoid over-tightening, which can damage the tarp or the cargo.
- Wind Considerations: Pay special attention to the front and sides of the trailer, as these areas are most susceptible to wind resistance.
Maintaining the Tarp During Transit
Your job isn’t done once the tarp is secured. Regular inspections are crucial.
Pre-Trip and En Route Inspections
- Pre-Trip Inspection: Before departing, thoroughly inspect the tarp, tie-downs, and cargo to ensure everything is properly secured.
- En Route Inspections: During longer trips, make regular stops to check the tarp for any signs of loosening, tearing, or damage. Adjust the tie-downs as needed.
Addressing Wear and Tear
- Immediate Repairs: Address any tears or damage to the tarp immediately to prevent further deterioration. Tarp repair kits are available for patching small holes and tears.
- Replacement: If the tarp is severely damaged, replace it as soon as possible. Don’t risk losing your cargo or causing an accident due to a damaged tarp.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some common questions regarding trailer tarping:
1. What size tarp do I need for my trailer?
Measure the length, width, and height of your load, including any protruding objects. Add at least 2-3 feet to each dimension to ensure adequate overlap. For example, if your load is 10 feet long, 5 feet wide, and 4 feet high, you’ll need a tarp that is at least 12 feet long and 7 feet wide. Always err on the side of a larger tarp.
2. What’s the best way to secure a tarp in windy conditions?
Use a combination of strong tie-downs, such as ratchet straps, and distribute them evenly around the perimeter of the tarp. Pay special attention to the front and sides of the trailer, and consider using wind deflectors to reduce wind resistance. Ratchet straps offer superior security compared to bungee cords in high winds.
3. Can I use bungee cords to secure a tarp?
Bungee cords are suitable for light-duty applications, but they are not recommended for securing heavy loads or in windy conditions. They can stretch, snap, and fail to provide adequate securement. Rope and ratchet straps are more reliable options.
4. What is the best knot to use for securing a tarp with rope?
The trucker’s hitch is an excellent knot for securing a tarp with rope. It allows you to easily tighten the rope and maintain tension. Other useful knots include the bowline and the clove hitch.
5. How often should I inspect the tarp during transit?
For short trips, inspect the tarp before departing. For longer trips, check the tarp at least every 100-200 miles, or whenever you stop for fuel or rest. Consistent monitoring is key to preventing problems.
6. How do I prevent the tarp from tearing at the grommets?
Use tarp protectors or corner protectors to reinforce the grommets and prevent them from tearing. These protectors distribute the stress of the tie-downs and extend the life of the tarp.
7. What is the best type of tarp for covering lumber?
A heavy-duty vinyl tarp is generally the best option for covering lumber. Vinyl tarps are waterproof, durable, and resistant to tearing, providing excellent protection against the elements. Canvas can also be used but requires regular waterproofing.
8. How do I properly fold and store a tarp?
Clean the tarp thoroughly before folding it. Fold it neatly and compactly to prevent damage and make it easier to store. Store the tarp in a dry, cool place away from direct sunlight.
9. What is the difference between a “light duty” and “heavy duty” tarp?
Light-duty tarps are typically made of thinner polyethylene and are less durable. Heavy-duty tarps are made of thicker materials, such as vinyl or reinforced polyethylene, and are designed to withstand harsher conditions and heavier loads. Consider the load type and weather conditions when choosing the tarp duty.
10. Can I use duct tape to repair a tear in my tarp?
Duct tape can provide a temporary fix for small tears, but it is not a long-term solution. A tarp repair kit, which includes patches and adhesive specifically designed for tarp materials, is a better option.
11. How do I choose the correct Working Load Limit (WLL) for my ratchet straps?
The WLL of your ratchet straps should be sufficient to handle the weight of your load, with a safety factor of at least 3:1. This means that the WLL should be at least three times the weight of your cargo. Always overestimate rather than underestimate the required WLL.
12. What are the legal requirements for tarping a trailer?
The legal requirements for tarping a trailer vary by state and jurisdiction. However, generally, you are required to secure your load in a way that prevents it from shifting, falling, or blowing off the trailer. This typically involves using tarps, straps, and other securement devices. Check with your local Department of Transportation for specific regulations. Compliance with local laws ensures safety and prevents fines.