Extras, also known as background actors, aren’t typically raking in millions, but their contribution is crucial to creating believable cinematic worlds. The pay scale for extras in movies varies significantly based on union affiliation, location, type of production, and hours worked, but a general estimate falls between $150 to $250 per day for non-union work, and significantly higher, around $200 to $400 or more per day, for union (SAG-AFTRA) members.
Understanding the Basics of Extras’ Pay
The seemingly simple question of “how much do extras make” quickly becomes complex as we delve into the factors influencing compensation. Several key elements determine an extra’s paycheck, and understanding them is essential for anyone considering this line of work.
Union vs. Non-Union Roles
The biggest differentiator in pay for extras is whether the production operates under a union agreement, specifically with SAG-AFTRA (Screen Actors Guild – American Federation of Television and Radio Artists). SAG-AFTRA sets minimum rates and working conditions for its members, resulting in substantially higher pay and better benefits compared to non-union productions.
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SAG-AFTRA Extras: These individuals are guaranteed a minimum daily rate (which changes annually), overtime pay, meal breaks, and often, health and pension contributions. They also have rights and protections against unfair treatment. In some areas (like Los Angeles and New York) they get residual payments for ongoing use of the film.
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Non-Union Extras: These extras are not covered by union contracts. While the daily rate might seem lower upfront, the long-term disadvantages are significant. They typically don’t receive benefits, overtime is less regulated, and there are fewer protections in place. Many non-union productions utilize a central casting agency that will take a percentage from their pay.
Location, Location, Location
The cost of living and the strength of local unions heavily influence extra pay. Productions filmed in major metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, New York City, and Atlanta, which have strong union presence and higher costs of living, generally offer higher pay rates than those filmed in smaller, less expensive regions. The number of major productions going on at the same time can also play a large role. The increased amount of productions can create a larger demand for extras.
Type of Production and Role
The kind of movie or show also matters. A major Hollywood blockbuster with a substantial budget is more likely to pay its extras higher rates than a low-budget independent film. Furthermore, if an extra performs specific actions, like driving a car, handling props, or appearing prominently in a scene (known as “upgrading” or “special ability”), they’re entitled to additional compensation.
Hours Worked and Overtime
Like most hourly jobs, overtime pay is a crucial element for extras. Union contracts stipulate overtime rates after a certain number of hours worked (typically eight). These rates are significantly higher than the regular hourly rate, often 1.5 times the base rate and even double time after a certain threshold. Keep in mind that mandatory breaks (including meal breaks) are usually included in the number of hours worked.
FAQs: Diving Deeper into Extras’ Earnings
These FAQs address common questions about being an extra, providing aspiring background actors with valuable information.
1. What is the current minimum daily rate for SAG-AFTRA extras?
The minimum daily rate for SAG-AFTRA extras is subject to change and is published annually. It’s crucial to consult the official SAG-AFTRA rate sheets for the most up-to-date information. However, as of the current year, it’s typically in the range of $200 to $400 per day, depending on the type of production and location.
2. How do I become a SAG-AFTRA extra?
Becoming a SAG-AFTRA extra usually involves either working enough days on SAG-AFTRA productions to become “SAG-eligible” and then joining, or being specifically invited to join by the union. Check the SAG-AFTRA website for detailed membership requirements and procedures. Having a SAG voucher from working on a SAG-AFTRA production is a common way to start the process.
3. What are residuals, and do extras get them?
Residuals are payments made to actors for the continued use of a film or television show after its initial release. While principal actors often receive substantial residuals, extras’ residuals are much smaller and usually limited to projects where they are prominently featured or given special attention on screen and/or if the film is shown in certain areas. Usually these residuals are very low amounts (often a few dollars).
4. How are meal breaks handled for extras?
Union contracts mandate specific meal break requirements. Generally, extras are entitled to a meal break (usually 30 minutes to an hour) every six hours. If these breaks are delayed, the extra is entitled to a penalty payment, known as a “meal penalty.” Penalties can add up quickly and significantly increase an extra’s daily earnings.
5. What is a “kit fee” and when do extras get one?
A “kit fee” is a stipend paid to extras who are required to provide their own wardrobe items beyond the standard attire typically provided by the production. The amount varies depending on the specific items required, but is often a modest amount. It’s crucial to clarify whether a kit fee is offered before accepting a role.
6. How do taxes work for extras?
Extras, like all employees, are subject to income taxes. Production companies typically deduct taxes from their paychecks. It’s important to keep accurate records of earnings and expenses (such as wardrobe maintenance, travel costs related to work, and agency fees) as these may be deductible. Consulting a tax professional familiar with the entertainment industry is highly recommended.
7. What is a casting call, and how do I find them?
A casting call is an announcement that the production company is hiring extras. Casting calls are available on various online platforms, including casting websites, agency websites, social media groups focused on background acting, and local film commission websites. Networking with other extras can also provide valuable information about upcoming opportunities.
8. How does an extra get upgraded to a speaking role?
While rare, an extra can sometimes be “upgraded” to a speaking role. This typically happens when an extra’s performance catches the director’s eye or when a minor role needs to be filled quickly. Being professional, reliable, and prepared increases the chances of being considered for such opportunities. If this upgrade happens, the person will get paid a much higher rate and potentially residuals for the film being made.
9. What are the typical hours like for extras?
The hours for extras can be long and unpredictable. A typical day can easily exceed 10-12 hours, and sometimes even longer, depending on the production schedule and unforeseen delays. Flexibility and stamina are crucial qualities for a successful extra.
10. Are extras responsible for their own transportation and accommodation?
Generally, extras are responsible for their own transportation to and from the set. Accommodation is not typically provided unless the production requires extras to travel to a distant location, in which case arrangements are usually made by the production company.
11. Are there agencies that specialize in representing extras?
Yes, several agencies specialize in representing extras. These agencies act as intermediaries between extras and production companies, handling casting submissions, negotiations, and payroll processing. While working with an agency can increase your chances of finding work, it’s essential to choose a reputable agency that doesn’t charge excessive fees.
12. Is being an extra a sustainable career?
While being an extra can provide supplemental income, it’s generally not considered a sustainable long-term career for most people. The work is often inconsistent, and the pay is relatively low, especially for non-union roles. However, for some individuals, it can be a stepping stone to other roles in the film industry, or a fulfilling way to participate in the filmmaking process. The industry can be very competitive, so dedication is key.