As of late 2024, the number of films that have received an NC-17 rating from the Motion Picture Association (MPA) hovers around 140-150. This represents a tiny fraction of the thousands of films released since the rating’s inception in 1990, highlighting its controversial and often commercially damaging nature.
Understanding the NC-17 Rating: A Deeper Dive
The NC-17 rating, originally intended to replace the X rating, stands for “No One 17 and Under Admitted.” It signals that a film contains explicit or graphic content that the MPA believes is unsuitable for minors. While not legally considered censorship in the United States, the NC-17 rating presents significant hurdles for distribution and exhibition. Many major theater chains refuse to screen NC-17 films, and retailers often decline to stock them, severely limiting their audience reach. This financial disincentive is a key reason why filmmakers often choose to edit their work to achieve an R rating instead.
The Stigma and the Bottom Line
The stigma associated with the NC-17 rating often stems from its perceived association with pornography, even though the MPA rating system explicitly separates NC-17 films from adult entertainment. This negative perception, coupled with distribution challenges, creates a powerful economic deterrent. While some filmmakers intentionally court the NC-17 rating to gain notoriety or creative freedom, most studios aim for broader appeal and avoid it at all costs.
The NC-17 Rating: Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some frequently asked questions designed to shed further light on the NC-17 rating and its implications:
What is the precise definition of an NC-17 movie?
An NC-17 movie, as defined by the MPA, contains adult content considered unsuitable for viewers aged 17 and under. This content can include explicit sexual activity, graphic violence, or pervasive use of strong language. It’s important to understand that “adult” in this context refers to content deemed inappropriate for minors, not necessarily a reflection of the film’s artistic merit or intended audience.
How does the NC-17 rating differ from the R rating?
The R rating, meaning “Restricted,” indicates that a film contains adult material and parents are urged to learn more about the film before taking their young children. While an R-rated film might contain some mature themes, violence, or language, it doesn’t reach the level of explicitness that warrants an NC-17 rating. The key difference lies in the intensity and graphic nature of the content.
What impact does the NC-17 rating have on a film’s distribution?
The NC-17 rating significantly hinders a film’s distribution. Many major cinema chains refuse to screen NC-17 movies. This limits their theatrical release, and retailers are often reluctant to stock them, drastically reducing potential revenue. The rating also restricts advertising opportunities, further compounding the problem.
Can a film be released without an MPA rating?
Yes, filmmakers have the option to release a film unrated. This can be a strategic choice for independent films or documentaries that may not want to submit to the MPA rating process or potentially receive a restrictive rating. However, being unrated also presents challenges, as some theaters and retailers may still be hesitant to exhibit or sell the film.
Who decides which films receive the NC-17 rating?
The MPA’s Classification and Rating Administration (CARA), comprised of parents, is responsible for assigning ratings to films. These raters are not industry professionals but rather individuals meant to represent the average moviegoer’s perspective. Their decisions are based on the content of the film and their assessment of its suitability for different age groups.
Are there any famous examples of films originally rated NC-17 that were later edited to receive an R rating?
Yes, there are numerous examples. Some notable films that were originally rated NC-17 and later edited down to an R rating include:
- Henry & June (1990)
- Showgirls (1995)
- American Psycho (2000)
These examples demonstrate the lengths to which filmmakers will go to avoid the stigma and commercial limitations associated with the NC-17 rating.
Is the NC-17 rating considered censorship in the United States?
The NC-17 rating is not legally considered censorship because it’s a voluntary system. Filmmakers are not required to submit their films to the MPA for rating. However, the practical effect of the rating, particularly its impact on distribution, can feel like a form of economic censorship.
Has any film ever been successfully challenged and had its NC-17 rating changed?
While rare, it has happened. Filmmakers can appeal the MPA’s rating decision. However, overturning an NC-17 rating is a difficult and often costly process. The success rate for appeals is generally low.
What are some artistic or creative reasons why a filmmaker might intentionally seek an NC-17 rating?
Some filmmakers might intentionally seek an NC-17 rating to maintain the integrity of their artistic vision. They might believe that the explicit content is essential to the story and refuse to compromise it by editing it down to achieve a lower rating. This often reflects a commitment to unflinching realism or a desire to push creative boundaries.
Are NC-17 movies more common in certain genres?
Yes, NC-17 movies are more common in genres that often explore controversial or sexually explicit themes, such as:
- Erotic dramas
- Horror films with extreme gore
- Films dealing with taboo subjects
However, it’s important to note that not all films in these genres receive an NC-17 rating. The MPA’s decisions are based on the specific content of each film.
Does the NC-17 rating exist in other countries besides the United States?
While the NC-17 rating is specific to the United States, many other countries have their own film rating systems that similarly restrict access to films containing adult content. These systems vary in their specific criteria and enforcement, but the underlying principle of protecting minors from potentially harmful content remains the same.
With the rise of streaming services, is the NC-17 rating still as relevant?
While streaming services offer a less regulated environment than traditional theatrical release, the NC-17 rating still holds some relevance. Many streaming platforms categorize films based on their content and provide parental controls to restrict access to adult material. Furthermore, the stigma associated with the NC-17 rating can still influence a streaming service’s decision to acquire or promote a film. While the power of the rating might be diminishing due to the shift to streaming, it still impacts film distribution and perception.
The Future of the NC-17 Rating
The future of the NC-17 rating remains uncertain. The rise of streaming services and the increasing acceptance of adult themes in mainstream entertainment may gradually erode its significance. However, as long as the MPA exists and maintains its rating system, the NC-17 rating will continue to serve as a cautionary label, signaling that a film contains content deemed unsuitable for minors, and influencing its distribution and reception. The tiny number of films that dare to carry the badge will likely remain a subject of debate and fascination for years to come.