The commonly cited runtime for Fritz Lang’s Metropolis is approximately 153 minutes (2 hours and 33 minutes). However, this figure represents the most complete, restored version of the film, a stark contrast to the drastically shorter versions that audiences saw for decades after its initial release in 1927. The journey to reclaim Metropolis‘s original grandeur is a story as captivating as the film itself.
The Long and Tortuous History of Metropolis‘s Runtime
The story behind Metropolis‘s runtime is far more complicated than a simple number. What was initially conceived as a monumental epic, a dystopian vision of the future, was soon reduced and mutilated by distributors eager to maximize profit and tailor the film to perceived audience tastes. Understanding this history is crucial to appreciating the current, restored version.
From Premiere to Dismemberment: The Initial Cuts
Immediately following its premiere in Berlin in January 1927, Metropolis was deemed too long and complex by its distributors, UFA. The original length, estimated to be around 153 minutes, was swiftly deemed unmarketable. Almost immediately, two drastically different versions were prepared for international release. These versions, heavily edited by Channing Pollock (for the American market) and others, significantly shortened the film, removing crucial plot points, subplots, and even entire characters. These cuts resulted in versions that were often considerably shorter, sometimes even below 90 minutes. The film’s narrative coherence was severely compromised, leaving audiences confused and frustrated.
The Lost Footage and the Search for Restoration
For decades, the original negative of Metropolis was considered lost or destroyed. Various shorter versions circulated, each representing a fraction of Lang’s initial vision. This absence fueled a decades-long search for the missing footage. Fragments were found in various archives, but the puzzle remained incomplete. The rediscovery of a near-complete original negative in Buenos Aires in 2008 marked a turning point. This find enabled the creation of the most complete version of Metropolis available to date, restoring much of the missing footage and allowing viewers to experience the film closer to Lang’s original intentions.
The Significance of the Restored Version
The restored Metropolis, clocking in at the aforementioned 153 minutes, is more than just a longer version of the film; it’s a different film entirely. The restored footage fills in crucial narrative gaps, clarifies character motivations, and deepens the film’s thematic exploration of class conflict, social alienation, and the power of human connection. While some minor scenes remain missing and are presented with intertitles explaining their absence, the restored version is the closest we’ve come to experiencing Lang’s original vision and offers a far more compelling and rewarding cinematic experience.
Understanding the Runtime Discrepancies
It’s vital to be aware of the different versions of Metropolis that exist, as the runtime can vary drastically depending on the specific edition. Here’s how to distinguish between them:
- Original Cut (Approx. 153 minutes): This is the most complete, restored version, typically labeled as the “Restored Edition” or “Complete Edition.”
- American/International Cuts (90-120 minutes): These are the heavily edited versions released shortly after the film’s premiere. They are significantly shorter and lack crucial plot elements.
- Intermediate Versions (Variable runtimes): Over the years, various attempts were made to reconstruct the film using available footage. These versions often fell somewhere between the heavily edited cuts and the full restoration.
- Individual Scene Lengths: Even the restored version has variations based on editing for pacing and the inclusion or exclusion of alternate takes.
How to Identify the Restored Version
When purchasing or streaming Metropolis, look for labels like “Restored Edition,” “Complete Edition,” or indications that the version is close to 153 minutes in length. Read reviews and descriptions carefully to ensure you’re getting the most complete version possible. Be wary of DVDs or streaming services that don’t explicitly state that it’s the restored version.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Metropolis‘s Runtime
These FAQs delve into specific aspects of the film’s length, its history, and how it impacts the viewer’s experience.
FAQ 1: What is the shortest version of Metropolis that was ever released?
The shortest officially released versions of Metropolis were around 90 minutes. These severely truncated editions removed significant portions of the narrative and character development.
FAQ 2: Why was Metropolis shortened in the first place?
Metropolis was shortened primarily for commercial reasons. Distributors believed the film was too long and complex for audiences, and they wanted to maximize the number of screenings per day.
FAQ 3: Who was responsible for the initial cuts to Metropolis?
The most significant early cuts were made by Channing Pollock for the American market and other distributors who altered the film for various international releases.
FAQ 4: Where was the missing footage of Metropolis discovered?
A near-complete original negative was discovered in the Museo del Cine Pablo Ducrós Hicken in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 2008.
FAQ 5: Does the restored version of Metropolis contain all of the original footage?
No, the restored version is not entirely complete. About 25 minutes of footage remain missing and are represented by intertitles describing the absent scenes.
FAQ 6: How much longer is the restored version compared to the versions available before 2008?
The restored version is approximately 30-60 minutes longer than many of the commonly available versions before the 2008 discovery.
FAQ 7: What is the significance of the missing scenes in Metropolis?
The missing scenes, while relatively short, provide crucial context and character development, particularly regarding the motivations of certain characters and the intricacies of the plot.
FAQ 8: Are there different color versions of Metropolis?
While Metropolis was originally filmed in black and white, some versions have been colorized or tinted for artistic or commercial purposes. The most authentic experience is the black and white version.
FAQ 9: How does the runtime affect the viewer’s experience of Metropolis?
The runtime significantly impacts the viewer’s understanding and appreciation of Metropolis. The complete version allows for a more nuanced and engaging experience, while the shorter versions often feel disjointed and incomplete.
FAQ 10: Is the runtime of Metropolis consistent across different streaming services?
No, the runtime can vary slightly depending on the streaming service and the specific version they offer. Always check the runtime listed before starting the film.
FAQ 11: What is the best way to watch Metropolis?
The best way to watch Metropolis is to seek out the restored version (approximately 153 minutes), ideally on Blu-ray or a high-quality streaming service. Ensure the version is explicitly labeled as “restored” or “complete.”
FAQ 12: Beyond runtime, what are other important factors to consider when choosing a version of Metropolis?
Beyond runtime, consider the image quality, sound quality, and the presence of subtitles or commentary tracks. These factors can significantly enhance your viewing experience. A digitally remastered version of the restored cut will offer the best visual fidelity.