The short answer is: yes, in most cases, you do need a title for a trailer in Indiana. Indiana law requires trailers, with very few exceptions based on size and use, to be titled and registered with the Bureau of Motor Vehicles (BMV). This article provides a comprehensive guide to Indiana’s trailer titling requirements, helping you understand when a title is necessary, how to obtain one, and what to do if you encounter common challenges.
Understanding Indiana’s Trailer Titling Laws
Indiana’s titling regulations for trailers are designed to ensure proper ownership documentation and accountability. The specifics depend primarily on the trailer’s gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), which is the maximum weight the trailer is designed to safely carry, including its own weight and the load.
The GVWR Threshold and Its Significance
The key factor determining whether a trailer requires a title in Indiana is its GVWR. Trailers with a GVWR of 3,000 pounds or more are required to be titled and registered. This includes most utility trailers, boat trailers, horse trailers, and other larger trailers used for hauling significant loads.
Exceptions to the Titling Requirement
While most trailers need titles, there are some exceptions:
- Trailers with a GVWR of less than 3,000 pounds: These trailers are generally exempt from titling requirements. However, registration may still be required, especially for certain types of trailers used on public roadways.
- Farm wagons and implements of husbandry: Trailers used exclusively for agricultural purposes are typically exempt from titling and registration, provided they are not used on public highways for distances exceeding certain limits. Check with your local BMV for specific regulations.
- Specialized trailers: Occasionally, specific types of trailers, such as homemade trailers used solely on private property, may be exempt. However, these situations are rare and require careful verification with the BMV.
How to Obtain a Title for Your Trailer in Indiana
The process of obtaining a trailer title in Indiana involves several steps:
Gathering the Necessary Documentation
Before visiting your local BMV branch, you’ll need to gather the required paperwork. This typically includes:
- Manufacturer’s Certificate of Origin (MCO) or Certificate of Title: This is the original document establishing ownership of the trailer. If you purchased the trailer new, you will receive an MCO. If you purchased it used, you should have received the existing title.
- Application for Certificate of Title for a Vehicle (State Form 205): This form, available on the BMV website or at a local branch, must be completed accurately and completely.
- Proof of Identification: A valid Indiana driver’s license or other acceptable form of identification.
- Bill of Sale: A document detailing the sale of the trailer, including the date, purchase price, and names and addresses of the buyer and seller.
- Inspection (if applicable): In some cases, especially for homemade trailers, an inspection may be required to verify the VIN and ensure compliance with safety standards.
- Payment for Fees: Titling and registration fees vary, so it’s best to check the BMV website or contact your local branch for the current fee schedule.
Submitting Your Application to the BMV
Once you have gathered all the necessary documentation, you can submit your application to your local BMV branch. Be prepared to wait in line, especially during peak hours. The BMV representative will review your application and supporting documents to ensure everything is in order.
Receiving Your Title
After your application is approved and the fees are paid, the BMV will issue a title for your trailer. The title will list you as the owner of the trailer and will include important information such as the VIN, GVWR, and date of issue.
What if You Don’t Have a Title?
Losing or never having a title for your trailer can present challenges. Here’s how to navigate those situations:
Applying for a Duplicate Title
If you lost your original title, you can apply for a duplicate title at your local BMV branch. You will need to complete an application form, provide proof of identification, and pay the applicable fees. The BMV will then issue a duplicate title, which has the same legal validity as the original.
Obtaining a Title for a Homemade Trailer
Titling a homemade trailer requires additional steps, including:
- Assigning a Vehicle Identification Number (VIN): You will need to contact the BMV to obtain a VIN for your homemade trailer.
- Inspection: The trailer will need to undergo a safety inspection to ensure it meets all applicable standards.
- Affidavit of Construction: You will need to provide a detailed affidavit outlining the construction of the trailer, including materials used and dimensions.
Bonded Title Option
If you cannot obtain the necessary documentation to prove ownership of a trailer, you may be able to obtain a bonded title. This involves purchasing a surety bond that protects the state and any potential future claimants against any losses arising from the issuance of the title. The bond amount is typically a multiple of the trailer’s value. After a specified period (usually three years), if no claims are made against the bond, the bond is released, and the title becomes fully valid.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Trailer Titling in Indiana
Here are some common questions about titling trailers in Indiana, answered to provide clarity and practical guidance.
1. My trailer is used exclusively on private property. Do I still need a title?
Generally, no. If a trailer is used exclusively on private property and never on public roadways, it typically does not require a title. However, it’s always best to confirm with your local BMV to ensure you comply with all applicable regulations.
2. How much does it cost to title a trailer in Indiana?
Titling fees vary based on the specific circumstances. Expect to pay around $15 for the title fee alone. This excludes registration fees. Contact your local BMV branch or consult their website for the most up-to-date fee schedule.
3. I bought a trailer from a private seller who didn’t provide a title. What should I do?
If you bought a trailer from a private seller without a title, you should first contact the seller to try and obtain one. If that’s not possible, you can explore options like applying for a bonded title or seeking legal assistance to establish ownership. You may need to present a bill of sale and other evidence of ownership.
4. Can I transfer a trailer title online in Indiana?
No, unfortunately, you cannot typically transfer a trailer title entirely online in Indiana. You will usually need to visit a BMV branch in person to complete the transfer process.
5. What happens if I drive a trailer that requires a title without having one?
Driving a trailer that requires a title without having one is illegal in Indiana. You could face fines, penalties, and even have the trailer impounded.
6. How long do I have to title a trailer after purchasing it?
Indiana law requires you to title a vehicle, including a trailer, within 45 days of purchase to avoid penalties.
7. What is the difference between a title and a registration for a trailer?
A title establishes legal ownership of the trailer. Registration, on the other hand, grants you permission to operate the trailer on public roadways. Both are usually required for trailers with a GVWR of 3,000 pounds or more.
8. Can I get a temporary permit to operate my trailer while waiting for the title?
Yes, in some cases, you may be able to obtain a temporary permit to operate your trailer while waiting for the title to be issued. Contact your local BMV branch to inquire about the requirements and availability of temporary permits.
9. Do I need to insure my trailer in Indiana?
Insurance requirements for trailers in Indiana vary. Typically, liability coverage from the towing vehicle extends to the trailer. However, it’s often recommended to purchase separate insurance for the trailer to cover damage or loss, especially for more expensive trailers.
10. What information is typically included on a trailer title in Indiana?
A trailer title in Indiana typically includes the following information:
- Owner’s name and address
- Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
- Make and model of the trailer
- Year of manufacture
- Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)
- Date of issuance
11. What if I move to Indiana from another state and my trailer is already titled?
If you move to Indiana from another state and your trailer is already titled, you will need to transfer the title to Indiana. You will need to surrender your out-of-state title, provide proof of identification, and complete an application for an Indiana title at your local BMV branch.
12. Where can I find the GVWR of my trailer?
The GVWR is usually located on a sticker or plate affixed to the trailer, typically near the tongue or axle. It may also be listed in the trailer’s owner’s manual or on the Manufacturer’s Certificate of Origin (MCO).
By understanding Indiana’s trailer titling laws and following the appropriate procedures, you can ensure compliance and avoid potential legal issues. Always consult with your local BMV branch for the most accurate and up-to-date information.