The short answer is yes, but it requires modification. While 120 film is mechanically similar to 620 film, the key difference lies in the spool design, making direct use incompatible without either re-spooling the film or modifying the 120 spool itself.
Understanding 120 and 620 Film: A Tale of Two Spools
Before diving into the specifics of adaptation, it’s essential to grasp the fundamental differences between these two medium format film types. Both 120 and 620 film offer the same image size and use the same actual film stock. The disparity arises solely from the spool design.
The 120 film spool features a wider flange (the circular end discs) compared to the 620 spool. This wider flange often prevents the 120 spool from fitting within the film chamber of a 620 camera. Think of it like trying to fit a slightly oversized tire on a car – it simply won’t work without some adjustments.
The 620 film spool, on the other hand, has a narrower flange and a slightly smaller overall diameter. This allows it to fit snugly into cameras designed specifically for this format. Kodak introduced the 620 format in the 1930s as a way to miniaturize camera designs. While 120 quickly became the dominant medium format, 620 cameras remained popular for decades, especially among amateur photographers.
Methods for Using 120 Film in a 620 Camera
There are essentially two main approaches to overcome this incompatibility:
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Re-spooling the Film: This involves transferring the 120 film from its original spool onto an empty 620 spool in complete darkness. This is the most common and arguably safest method, as it doesn’t risk damaging the camera or the film.
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Modifying the 120 Spool: This entails carefully shaving down the flanges of the 120 spool until it fits into the 620 camera. This method is riskier, as excessive force or incorrect modification can damage the spool, the camera, or even the film itself.
Re-spooling: The Safer, More Recommended Approach
Re-spooling requires patience, a darkroom or a completely light-tight changing bag, and an empty 620 spool. The process involves carefully winding the 120 film onto the 620 spool, ensuring that the film is wound tightly and evenly. It’s crucial to perform this task in complete darkness to prevent light leaks from ruining the film. Numerous online tutorials and videos demonstrate this process in detail. Practice with a dummy roll first to familiarize yourself with the technique.
Modifying the 120 Spool: A Riskier Alternative
Modifying the 120 spool involves carefully trimming down the flanges of the spool using a sharp blade or sandpaper. This requires a steady hand and a good eye to ensure that the spool is evenly trimmed. Avoid removing too much material, as this could weaken the spool and cause it to break during use. There’s also a risk of introducing plastic shavings into the camera mechanism, potentially damaging the camera. We recommend this method only if re-spooling is absolutely impossible.
The Enduring Appeal of 620 Cameras
Despite the challenges of film availability, 620 cameras continue to hold a certain allure for photographers. Their vintage aesthetic, often coupled with unique lens characteristics, makes them appealing to those seeking a different photographic experience. Many photographers appreciate the simplicity and tactile feel of these classic cameras.
Moreover, the relatively affordable price of many 620 cameras makes them an accessible entry point into the world of medium format photography. While modern medium format cameras can cost thousands of dollars, well-maintained 620 cameras can often be found for a fraction of the price.
FAQs: Your Guide to 120 Film and 620 Cameras
Here are some frequently asked questions to help you navigate the complexities of using 120 film in a 620 camera:
FAQ 1: Where can I find empty 620 spools?
Answer: Empty 620 spools can be found on online auction sites like eBay, from camera repair shops specializing in vintage equipment, and occasionally from film photography enthusiast groups. Keep in mind that 620 spools are becoming increasingly rare.
FAQ 2: What tools do I need for re-spooling 120 film onto a 620 spool?
Answer: You’ll need a darkroom or a light-tight changing bag, an empty 620 spool, scissors (optional, for cutting the film leader), and patience. It’s helpful to have a smooth, clean surface to work on.
FAQ 3: Is there a risk of damaging my 620 camera by using a modified 120 spool?
Answer: Yes, there is a risk. An improperly modified spool can damage the film chamber or the film advance mechanism. Always proceed with caution and test the modified spool in the camera without film before loading a live roll.
FAQ 4: Can I use 220 film in a 620 camera?
Answer: No. 220 film is a different format altogether. It is twice as long as 120 film and lacks a backing paper, making it incompatible with 620 cameras.
FAQ 5: How can I tell if my camera takes 620 film or 120 film?
Answer: Check the camera’s user manual or look for markings inside the film chamber indicating the film type. If you’re unsure, compare the size of the film chamber to known 120 and 620 cameras. 620 cameras typically have a more restricted film chamber.
FAQ 6: What are the advantages of using 120 film over 620 film (besides availability)?
Answer: There aren’t any inherent advantages to 120 film over 620 film besides availability. The actual film stock is the same; the only difference is the spool.
FAQ 7: What if my 620 camera has a damaged or broken spool?
Answer: If your original 620 spool is damaged, you’ll need to find a replacement before you can use the camera. As mentioned earlier, these spools can be hard to find.
FAQ 8: Is it possible to 3D print 620 spools?
Answer: Yes, it is possible to 3D print 620 spools. However, the quality of the print and the material used are crucial. The spool must be strong enough to withstand the tension of the film advance and dimensionally accurate to fit within the camera.
FAQ 9: Are there any companies still manufacturing 620 film spools?
Answer: To the best of our knowledge, major film manufacturers are not currently producing new 620 spools. The existing supply primarily comes from recycled or vintage spools.
FAQ 10: Can I use a darkroom tent instead of a dedicated darkroom for re-spooling?
Answer: Yes, a darkroom tent can be used, provided it is completely light-tight. Test it thoroughly before using it with film. Even the smallest light leak can ruin your photographs.
FAQ 11: What kind of film speeds are typically available for 120 film that I might use in a 620 camera (after re-spooling)?
Answer: 120 film is available in a wide range of speeds, from ISO 25 to ISO 3200 and beyond, in both black and white and color. Common speeds include ISO 100, 400, and 800. Your choice will depend on your shooting conditions and desired aesthetic.
FAQ 12: Are there any specific types of 620 cameras that are particularly well-suited for beginners interested in exploring medium format photography?
Answer: Cameras like the Kodak Brownie Hawkeye Flash Model (although it’s fixed focus and aperture) offer a simple and affordable entry point. Other 620 cameras like some Argus models can provide more manual control while still being relatively user-friendly. Research the specific model beforehand to understand its features and limitations.
Conclusion: Embrace the Challenge, Cherish the Results
Using 120 film in a 620 camera presents a unique set of challenges, but the rewards are well worth the effort for those seeking to explore the world of vintage medium format photography. By understanding the differences between the film formats and employing the correct techniques for adaptation, you can unlock the creative potential of these classic cameras and produce stunning images with a distinctive character. So, embrace the challenge, be patient, and enjoy the journey!