Yes, a Toyota Highlander can tow a trailer, but the specific towing capacity varies significantly depending on the model year, engine type, trim level, and whether the Highlander is equipped with the factory-installed tow package. Understanding these factors is crucial to ensure safe and legal towing.
Understanding the Highlander’s Towing Capacity
The Toyota Highlander, known for its reliability and family-friendly features, is a popular choice for those needing occasional towing capability. However, it’s essential to understand the limitations before hitching up a trailer. Simply assuming your Highlander can handle any trailer is a recipe for disaster.
Determining Your Highlander’s Towing Capacity
The first step is to pinpoint the exact towing capacity for your specific Highlander. This information is typically found in several places:
- Owner’s Manual: This is the most reliable source. Locate the towing section; it will detail the specific capacity for your model year and trim.
- Driver’s Side Doorjamb Sticker: This sticker usually contains information about the vehicle’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and Gross Axle Weight Ratings (GAWRs). While it doesn’t directly state the towing capacity, it provides data needed to calculate it (though it’s best to rely on the owner’s manual).
- Toyota’s Website: Toyota’s official website often provides specifications for current and recent models.
- Your Local Toyota Dealer: A service advisor at your local dealership can quickly provide the towing capacity based on your vehicle’s VIN (Vehicle Identification Number).
Generally, Highlanders without the tow package have a lower towing capacity, typically around 2,000 lbs. Those equipped with the factory tow package can often tow considerably more, reaching up to 5,000 lbs depending on the model year and engine. Always prioritize the information in your owner’s manual, as it is the most accurate for your vehicle.
Factors Affecting Towing Capacity
Several factors influence how much a Highlander can safely and legally tow:
- Engine Type: Older Highlanders might have smaller, less powerful engines, limiting their towing capability. Newer models with V6 engines generally offer higher towing capacities.
- Transmission: The transmission’s design and cooling capabilities play a critical role in towing performance.
- Axle Ratio: A lower axle ratio (e.g., 3.00:1) is better for fuel economy, while a higher ratio (e.g., 4.10:1) provides more torque for towing.
- Braking System: An adequate braking system is essential for safe towing. Trailers equipped with their own braking systems are strongly recommended for heavier loads.
- Cooling System: Towing puts extra strain on the engine, requiring a robust cooling system to prevent overheating. The factory tow package often includes enhanced cooling components.
- Tow Package: The factory tow package usually includes features like a heavy-duty radiator, engine oil cooler, transmission oil cooler, and trailer sway control, significantly enhancing the Highlander’s towing performance.
The Importance of the Tow Package
The factory-installed tow package is a game-changer. It’s not just a hitch; it’s a suite of components designed to improve the Highlander’s ability to handle the stresses of towing. Without it, you’re putting undue strain on your vehicle, potentially leading to mechanical problems and safety risks.
Safe Towing Practices with Your Highlander
Towing safely requires more than just knowing your Highlander’s towing capacity. It involves proper preparation, careful driving, and a commitment to safety.
Preparing Your Highlander and Trailer
- Weight Distribution: Ensure the trailer’s load is evenly distributed. About 60% of the weight should be in the front half of the trailer.
- Tire Pressure: Check and inflate your Highlander’s and the trailer’s tires to the recommended pressures.
- Lights and Brakes: Verify that all trailer lights (brake lights, turn signals, running lights) are functioning correctly. Inspect the trailer’s brakes if equipped.
- Hitch and Safety Chains: Ensure the hitch is securely attached to the Highlander and the safety chains are properly connected. Crisscross the safety chains under the trailer tongue.
- Trailer Sway Control: If your Highlander has trailer sway control (often part of the tow package), ensure it’s activated.
Driving Safely While Towing
- Reduced Speed: Towing significantly affects your vehicle’s handling and braking. Reduce your speed and maintain a safe following distance.
- Increased Following Distance: Allow extra space between your vehicle and the vehicle in front of you.
- Avoid Sudden Maneuvers: Avoid sudden braking, acceleration, and steering.
- Wider Turns: Take turns wider than usual to account for the trailer’s length.
- Plan Your Route: Avoid steep hills or areas with heavy traffic.
Weight Terminology: GVWR, GCWR, and Towing Capacity
Understanding weight terminology is crucial for safe towing:
- GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating): The maximum permissible weight of the Highlander, including passengers, cargo, and fuel.
- GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating): The maximum permissible weight of the Highlander and the loaded trailer.
- Towing Capacity: The maximum weight of the trailer that the Highlander can tow, assuming it is properly equipped and loaded.
Never exceed the GVWR or GCWR. Overloading your Highlander can lead to mechanical failures, reduced handling, and increased risk of accidents.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions regarding towing with a Toyota Highlander:
FAQ 1: What is the maximum towing capacity of a 2023 Toyota Highlander?
The maximum towing capacity of a 2023 Toyota Highlander with the V6 engine and tow package is 5,000 lbs. Models without the tow package typically have a lower capacity of around 2,000 lbs. The hybrid model has a lower towing capacity. Always consult your owner’s manual.
FAQ 2: Does the Toyota Highlander Hybrid have a lower towing capacity?
Yes, the Toyota Highlander Hybrid generally has a lower towing capacity compared to the V6 models. While it can still tow, the capacity is often limited to around 3,500 lbs.
FAQ 3: Can I install a tow hitch on my Highlander even if it doesn’t have the tow package?
Yes, you can install an aftermarket tow hitch. However, this does not magically increase your Highlander’s towing capacity. You’ll still be limited to the lower towing capacity designated for models without the factory tow package. You should also strongly consider installing an external transmission cooler.
FAQ 4: What kind of trailer can a Toyota Highlander tow?
A Highlander can tow a variety of trailers, including small travel trailers, pop-up campers, utility trailers, boat trailers (for smaller boats), and jet ski trailers. The key is to ensure that the trailer’s Gross Trailer Weight (GTW), which is the weight of the trailer and its contents, does not exceed the Highlander’s towing capacity.
FAQ 5: Is it safe to tow a trailer that weighs close to the Highlander’s maximum towing capacity?
While technically legal if you don’t exceed the rated capacity, towing near the maximum is not ideal for long distances or challenging terrain. You’ll experience reduced performance, increased wear and tear, and potentially unsafe handling. Aim to stay well below the maximum for a more comfortable and safer towing experience.
FAQ 6: What are the symptoms of overloading my Highlander while towing?
Symptoms of overloading include: sluggish acceleration, difficulty climbing hills, overheating engine or transmission, poor braking performance, excessive rear suspension sag, and unstable handling.
FAQ 7: Does adding passengers and cargo reduce my Highlander’s towing capacity?
Yes. Passengers and cargo contribute to the Highlander’s GVWR. As you approach the GVWR, your ability to tow is reduced. You must factor the weight of passengers and cargo into your calculations to ensure you stay within the Highlander’s limits.
FAQ 8: What is trailer sway control, and why is it important?
Trailer sway control is a system that helps to mitigate the effects of trailer sway, which is a dangerous oscillation of the trailer. It typically works by selectively applying the brakes to individual wheels to help bring the trailer back into alignment. It’s an important safety feature, especially when towing in windy conditions or at higher speeds.
FAQ 9: Can I upgrade my Highlander to increase its towing capacity?
While you can add aftermarket components like transmission coolers, heavy-duty springs, and upgraded brakes, you cannot legally increase your Highlander’s towing capacity beyond what is specified by the manufacturer. The listed capacity is based on the vehicle’s overall design and structural integrity.
FAQ 10: What maintenance should I perform on my Highlander after towing?
After towing, inspect your Highlander for any signs of wear and tear. Check the engine oil, transmission fluid, coolant level, tires, brakes, and suspension components. Address any issues promptly. Consider shortening the service interval for oil changes if you frequently tow.
FAQ 11: Where can I find information about local towing regulations?
Contact your local Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or Department of Transportation (DOT) for information about towing regulations in your area. Regulations can vary by state or province.
FAQ 12: Are weight distribution hitches necessary for the Toyota Highlander?
Weight distribution hitches are generally not required for towing lighter trailers within the Highlander’s specified limits, especially when near the 2000lb range for non-tow package Highlanders. However, they can improve handling and stability, particularly when towing heavier trailers closer to the 5,000 lb limit. Consult your owner’s manual and a towing professional for advice based on your specific trailer and towing situation.