The 1990 film Arachnophobia famously depicted a terrifying spider invasion, but the actual arachnids used in the film were far from monstrous. The primary spider used was the Delicate Huntsman spider (Delena cancerides), chosen for their manageable size, non-aggressive nature, and social behavior.
The Delicate Huntsman: The Unsung Heroes of Arachnophobia
While the movie aimed to instill fear of spiders in its audience, the reality behind the scenes was quite different. Director Frank Marshall deliberately chose non-poisonous and relatively harmless spiders to ensure the safety of the cast and crew, as well as to maintain a sense of control over the on-screen chaos.
The Delena cancerides, or Social Huntsman Spider, hails from Australia. Unlike many solitary spiders, they live in large colonies under loose bark, often numbering dozens. This social behavior was a crucial factor in their selection, as it allowed handlers to easily manage and direct groups of spiders for various shots.
Their flat body shape also proved beneficial, enabling them to squeeze into tight spaces and navigate the set with ease. Importantly, Huntsman spiders are not generally considered dangerous to humans. Their bite is comparable to a bee sting, causing localized pain and swelling, but rarely posing a serious threat. This characteristic alleviated concerns about potential incidents during filming.
Furthermore, their appearance contributed significantly to the film’s effect. While not inherently scary, their size and relatively long legs, combined with clever camera angles and sound design, transformed them into convincing agents of terror. The illusion was masterfully crafted, proving that fear is often more about perception than reality.
Why the Delicate Huntsman? A Perfect Fit for the Role
Several factors made the Delena cancerides the ideal choice:
- Safety: They pose minimal risk to the cast and crew.
- Manageability: Their social nature simplifies handling and directing.
- Appearance: Their size and shape are visually compelling on camera.
- Availability: They were readily sourced from Australia.
- Trainability: Relatively easy to coax into desired movements.
Other Arachnid Actors: Supporting Roles in Terror
While the Delena cancerides took center stage, other spiders played supporting roles, adding to the overall sense of dread. These included:
- Avondale Spider ( Delena cancerides avondale): A New Zealand variant of the Huntsman, closely resembling the Australian species and used interchangeably for some shots.
- Bird-Eating Spider (Theraphosa blondi): Only a few of these were used for close-up shots that required a truly intimidating appearance. Their large size and hairy bodies provided a stark contrast to the more docile Huntsman spiders. Crucially, they were used sparingly and under strict supervision.
- Fake spiders: Computer-generated imagery (CGI) and animatronic spiders were also employed, particularly for complex scenes and close-ups where live spiders would have been difficult or impossible to use. These effects were seamless enough to maintain the film’s realism.
The Myth of the Venomous Spider: Exaggeration for Dramatic Effect
The film’s central plot revolves around a highly venomous spider from Venezuela that crossbreeds with common house spiders, creating a deadly offspring. However, this scenario is entirely fictional. No known spider possesses venom capable of causing the rapid and extreme effects depicted in the movie. This dramatic license was employed to heighten the suspense and amplify the audience’s fear.
Arachnophobia FAQs: Unraveling Spider Misconceptions
Here are some frequently asked questions about the spiders used in Arachnophobia, addressing common misconceptions and providing accurate information:
FAQ 1: Were the spiders in Arachnophobia venomous?
No, the primary spiders used were Delena cancerides, or Delicate Huntsman spiders, which are not considered dangerous to humans. Their bite is comparable to a bee sting. The venomous spider in the film’s plot is entirely fictional.
FAQ 2: How many spiders were used during filming?
Thousands of Delena cancerides were imported from Australia for the film. The exact number isn’t publicly known, but it was substantial to ensure a constant supply and allow for multiple takes.
FAQ 3: Were any spiders harmed during the making of the film?
The filmmakers took precautions to ensure the safety and well-being of the spiders. Handlers specialized in arachnid care were employed, and the spiders were treated humanely. While some undoubtedly died during filming (as happens naturally), the production team made efforts to minimize harm.
FAQ 4: Did the spiders require special training?
Yes, to some extent. The Huntsman spiders were trained to move in specific directions and to react to cues from the handlers. Their social behavior made this process easier, as they tend to follow each other.
FAQ 5: What precautions were taken to prevent spider bites?
Handlers wore gloves and used specialized tools to handle the spiders. Cast members were educated about spider behavior and instructed on how to avoid startling them. The use of non-venomous spiders significantly reduced the risk of serious bites.
FAQ 6: Why weren’t more dangerous spiders used?
Using dangerous spiders would have been irresponsible and ethically questionable. The risk to the cast and crew would have been unacceptably high. The primary goal was to create a thrilling movie without endangering anyone.
FAQ 7: Was CGI used to create some of the spiders?
Yes, CGI and animatronics were used for scenes requiring complex movements or close-ups of the spiders. These effects were blended seamlessly with the live spiders to create a convincing illusion.
FAQ 8: How realistic is the spider behavior depicted in the film?
The film takes considerable liberties with spider behavior for dramatic effect. The rapid spread of the venom and the coordinated attacks are highly exaggerated and not representative of real spider behavior.
FAQ 9: Are Delena cancerides common in North America?
No, Delena cancerides are native to Australia and New Zealand. They are not typically found in North America in the wild. The film’s premise of a spider infestation in the United States is purely fictional.
FAQ 10: What happened to the spiders after filming wrapped?
Many of the spiders were returned to Australia. Others were likely rehomed to zoos, research facilities, or private collectors. The specific details of their post-production lives are not widely documented.
FAQ 11: Is it possible to get Arachnophobia from watching Arachnophobia?
While the film can certainly trigger or exacerbate existing fears of spiders, it cannot directly cause Arachnophobia (a specific phobia). Phobias are complex psychological conditions that typically stem from traumatic experiences or learned behaviors.
FAQ 12: What is the best way to overcome a fear of spiders?
There are several effective ways to overcome a fear of spiders, including:
- Exposure therapy: Gradually exposing yourself to spiders in a controlled environment.
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Identifying and challenging negative thoughts and beliefs about spiders.
- Education: Learning about spider behavior and ecology can help dispel misconceptions and reduce fear.
- Professional help: Seeking guidance from a therapist or counselor who specializes in phobias.
Arachnophobia is a testament to the power of filmmaking, demonstrating how even relatively harmless creatures can be transformed into sources of terror through skillful direction, sound design, and special effects. While the film’s premise is based on fictional scenarios, it serves as a reminder of the potent and often irrational nature of human fears. Understanding the reality behind the arachnid actors allows us to appreciate the artistry involved while separating fact from fiction.