What does titer point mean?

What does titer point mean?

Titer point (or cloud point): Titer point measures not a range of temperatures, but the temperature at which the lowest melting material first becomes hazy. This is important for materials that are not one specific structure, but a mixture of related structures.

How is the FFA acid value calculated?

The FFA figure is usually calculated as oleic acid by dividing the acid value by 2. With most oils the acidity begins to be noticeable to the palate when the FFA calculated as oleic acid is about 0.5-1.5%. When the FFA cannot be estimated in terms of oleic acid, it can be calculated from the saponification value.

What is acid value of fat?

The acid value is defined as the number of milligrams of Potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free fatty acids present in one gram of fat. It is a relative measure of rancidity as free fatty acids are normally formed during decomposition of triglycerides.

How are fatty acids measured?

The total fatty acid content can be calculated as the sum of all individual fatty acids. The relative abundance of each fatty acid can be calculated by dividing the concentration of each individual fatty acid by the total fatty acid content.

What is a high titer?

In certain conditions, a low titer may essentially indicate the efficient removal of infectious pathogens by the immune system. In contrast, a high titer may simply be due to the presence of residual antibodies from a previous infection, or unsuccessful attempts to form antigen-antibody complexes.

What is titer value in titration?

The titre value is the volume of titrant used for a definite amount of unknown reagent at its equivalence point. For example, a titration between Oxalic acid and KMnO4 in acidic medium, as follows: 5C2O42−+2MnO4−+16H+→2Mn2++10CO2+8H2O.

What is FFA value?

The acid value is defined as the amount of free fatty acid present in the oil requiring a computed mass of potassium hydroxide to neutralize it. This value is used to determine the amount of base catalyst to neutralize the acidity of a gram of raw material (Luque and Melero, 2012).

What is FFA percentage?

Free fatty acids form during frying due to the presence of moisture in the foods exposed to oil. Normally, 0.5–0.8% FFA is encountered. If the frying rate is insufficient to drive water from food at a sufficient rate, the FFA content increases rapidly. High-FFA frying oil smokes at a progressively lower temperature.

What high acid value means?

An increase or rise in acid value indicates rancidification of the oil [23]. … The lower the acid value of oil, the fewer free fatty acids it contains which makes it less exposed to rancidification [23]. An increase or rise in acid value indicates rancidification of the oil [23] .

What is fatty acid test?

GENERAL. The Comprehensive Fatty Acids Test report includes 30 markers and total levels of saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega 3, omega 6, and fatty acids. The primary reason for this test is to determine if levels of essential fatty acids and other beneficial fatty acids are adequate.

Why is GC used for fatty acids?

Gas chromatography (GC) is a highly sensitive method used to identify and quantify the fatty acid content of lipids from tissues, cells, and plasma/serum, yielding results with high accuracy and high reproducibility.

What does a titer of 1 320 mean?

A titer of ≥1:320 revealed a positive predictive value of 84.0% in SARD. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with ANA titers ≥1:320 had significantly lower levels of complement 3 and complement 4. The AC‐4 pattern (31.2%) was the major pattern in patients with SARD, followed by AC‐5 (23.9%) and AC‐1 (18.8%).

What does a 1 to 1 titer mean?

An increase in titer of two dilutions represents re-infection with Treponema pallidum. For example, a titer increase from 1:1 to 1:4 would indicate a re-infection.

What is the difference between FFA and acid value?

Acid value (AV) is the milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the FFA in one gram of fat. It is independent of molecular weight and, coincidentally, is almost twice the FFA% when the latter is expressed on an oleic-acid basis.

What is FFA in edible oil?

Free fatty acids (FFA) in plant oils and fats (e.g. edible oils and fats) are a quality feature for these fats. Fats with high levels of FFA are more susceptible to oxidative aging, they become rancid more quickly. The FFA should be removed during a refining process.

What causes high FFA in oil?

Why is acid value important?

Acid value is taken as an important indicator of oxidation of oil. The acid value is the number of mg of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free acid in 1 g of the substance l. Acid base titration techniques in non-aqueous solvents mostly used for determination of acid value in oil.

What is the importance of determination of acid value of fats?

As rancidity is usually accompanied by free fatty acid formation, determination of acid value is often used as a general indication of the condition and edibility of oils. The acid value is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free fatty acids in 1.0 g of fat or oil.

How is FFA of ghee calculated?

This method helps in giving you your oil’s acid value directly and FFA through a simple relation. FFA%=(v-b) X N X28. 2/W, v is the volume of the titrant, b is the blank volume, N IS THE NORMALITY USUALLY 0.1 N, and W is the weight of sample.