A 20 ft cargo trailer, crucial for both personal and commercial hauling, typically weighs between 2,800 to 4,500 pounds (1,270 to 2,041 kg) when empty. This weight variance depends on factors such as construction materials, frame design, and added features.
Understanding Empty Weight (Tare Weight) and Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)
Before delving into specifics, it’s essential to differentiate between two critical weight terms: tare weight and GVWR. The tare weight, also known as empty weight, is the weight of the trailer as it leaves the factory, devoid of any cargo. The Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), on the other hand, is the maximum permissible weight of the trailer including the weight of the trailer itself (tare weight) plus the weight of the cargo, passengers, and any other items loaded inside. Understanding these figures is crucial for safe and legal towing. Exceeding the GVWR can lead to serious safety issues, including compromised braking, reduced maneuverability, and damage to both the trailer and the towing vehicle.
Factors Influencing a 20 ft Cargo Trailer’s Weight
Several elements contribute to the overall weight of a 20 ft cargo trailer. Considering these factors will help you estimate and understand the weight differences you might encounter.
Materials Used in Construction
The primary material impacting weight is the frame construction. Steel frames are generally more robust and durable but heavier than aluminum frames. Similarly, the siding material – aluminum, steel, or composite – significantly influences the weight. Steel siding is heavier but more resistant to dents, while aluminum is lighter but more susceptible to damage. The flooring, typically wood (often plywood) or composite, also adds to the overall weight. Thicker, denser flooring materials will, of course, result in a heavier trailer.
Frame Design and Construction
The design of the trailer frame itself plays a role. A heavier-duty frame designed for increased load capacity will naturally weigh more. Features like reinforced axles, thicker crossmembers, and more substantial tongue configurations all contribute to a heavier overall weight. Consider the number of axles – single-axle trailers will be lighter than tandem-axle (two-axle) trailers of the same length.
Additional Features and Accessories
The inclusion of additional features and accessories can significantly impact the weight. Examples include:
- Ramps: Heavy-duty ramps for loading vehicles or equipment add considerable weight.
- Doors: The number, size, and material of doors (side doors, rear doors, etc.) all contribute.
- Windows: While adding light and ventilation, windows also add weight.
- Interior Finishing: Lining the interior with plywood or other materials adds weight and cost.
- Electrical Systems: Wiring, batteries, and generators add to the overall weight.
- Air Conditioning Units: These units, especially roof-mounted ones, are heavy.
Brand and Manufacturer
Different manufacturers use varying materials and construction techniques, which can influence the final weight of their trailers. Reputable brands often prioritize durability and strength, sometimes resulting in slightly heavier trailers. It’s wise to research different brands and compare their specifications for 20 ft cargo trailers to get a better understanding of potential weight variations.
Why Weight Matters: Towing Capacity and Safety
Understanding the weight of your 20 ft cargo trailer is paramount for safe and legal towing. Exceeding your towing vehicle’s rated towing capacity can lead to severe accidents, damage to both vehicles, and legal penalties.
Before towing any trailer, consult your vehicle’s owner’s manual to determine its maximum towing capacity. This rating is determined by the manufacturer and takes into account factors such as engine power, braking system, suspension, and frame strength. Make sure the combined weight of your trailer (including cargo) never exceeds this limit.
Furthermore, consider the tongue weight, which is the amount of weight the trailer exerts on the hitch of the towing vehicle. Proper tongue weight is crucial for stability and control while towing. Generally, tongue weight should be between 10-15% of the total trailer weight.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions about the weight of 20 ft cargo trailers:
FAQ 1: What is the average payload capacity of a 20 ft cargo trailer?
The average payload capacity, the amount of cargo you can safely carry, varies depending on the specific trailer and its GVWR. However, it generally ranges from 3,500 to 6,000 pounds. To determine the exact payload capacity of a specific trailer, subtract the tare weight (empty weight) from the GVWR.
FAQ 2: How can I accurately weigh my 20 ft cargo trailer?
The most accurate way is to use a commercial truck scale found at truck stops or weigh stations. These scales provide certified weight readings. Alternatively, you can use portable scales, but their accuracy can vary. For determining tongue weight, you can use a dedicated tongue weight scale.
FAQ 3: Will a 20 ft cargo trailer affect my vehicle’s fuel economy?
Yes, towing any trailer significantly reduces fuel economy. The weight and aerodynamic drag of the 20 ft cargo trailer will force your vehicle to work harder, resulting in lower miles per gallon. Expect a decrease of 15-30% depending on the towing vehicle, the terrain, and the load.
FAQ 4: What type of towing vehicle do I need for a 20 ft cargo trailer?
Typically, a full-size truck or a heavy-duty SUV is required to safely tow a 20 ft cargo trailer. Smaller vehicles, even some SUVs, may not have the necessary towing capacity, braking power, or stability to handle the weight. Always check your vehicle’s owner’s manual for towing capacity information.
FAQ 5: Are there any legal restrictions on trailer weight?
Yes, most jurisdictions have regulations regarding trailer weight, dimensions, and safety equipment. These regulations can vary significantly depending on the state or province. It’s crucial to research and comply with all applicable laws before towing a 20 ft cargo trailer. Overweight trailers can result in fines and penalties.
FAQ 6: How does axle configuration affect trailer weight and capacity?
Tandem-axle (two-axle) trailers are generally heavier and have a higher weight capacity than single-axle trailers. Tandem axles distribute the weight more evenly, providing better stability and handling, especially when carrying heavier loads. However, single-axle trailers are typically less expensive and easier to maneuver in tight spaces.
FAQ 7: What are the weight differences between different types of 20 ft cargo trailers (e.g., enclosed, car hauler)?
Enclosed cargo trailers prioritize protection from the elements and general cargo hauling. Car haulers are specifically designed to transport vehicles and often have heavier-duty frames, ramps, and tiedown points. Car haulers tend to be heavier than standard enclosed cargo trailers of the same length.
FAQ 8: How can I reduce the weight of my 20 ft cargo trailer?
While the trailer’s base weight is fixed, you can minimize the overall weight by carefully considering the items you load inside. Avoid carrying unnecessary items, and distribute the weight evenly to maintain stability. Opt for lighter materials when adding interior shelving or storage solutions.
FAQ 9: What is the significance of the VIN plate on a cargo trailer?
The VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) plate contains essential information about the trailer, including the GVWR and sometimes the tare weight. This plate is typically located on the trailer’s tongue or frame and is crucial for registration and identifying the trailer’s specifications.
FAQ 10: How does wind resistance affect towing a 20 ft cargo trailer?
The large surface area of a 20 ft cargo trailer creates significant wind resistance, particularly at highway speeds. This resistance reduces fuel economy, increases strain on the towing vehicle, and can affect stability, especially in crosswinds.
FAQ 11: Should I consider weight distribution hitches for a 20 ft cargo trailer?
A weight distribution hitch is highly recommended for towing a 20 ft cargo trailer, especially with heavier loads. These hitches distribute the weight of the trailer more evenly across the axles of the towing vehicle, improving stability, handling, and braking performance.
FAQ 12: Does the height of a 20 ft cargo trailer affect its weight?
While height doesn’t directly add to the inherent weight of the trailer’s structure, taller trailers generally have more material used in their construction (more siding, roofing material, etc.), leading to a slightly higher overall weight compared to trailers of the same length but shorter height.