The answer, in short, is: as often as necessary to prevent water intrusion and overheating, which typically translates to greasing before each launch, after long trips, and before periods of storage. The exact frequency depends on several factors, including the type of bearings, the type of grease used, the frequency of use, and the conditions in which the trailer is operated.
Understanding Boat Trailer Bearing Grease: A Matter of Protection
Maintaining your boat trailer bearings is paramount for safe and worry-free boating. Neglecting this crucial component can lead to catastrophic failures, leaving you stranded on the side of the road or, worse, at the boat ramp. Proper and frequent greasing is the best defense against bearing failure.
Why Greasing is Critical
Boat trailer bearings are constantly subjected to harsh conditions: heavy loads, high speeds, and, most importantly, immersion in water. Water is the enemy. It displaces the grease, leading to corrosion, rust, and premature bearing failure. Grease acts as a barrier, preventing water intrusion and lubricating the moving parts, reducing friction and heat.
Types of Grease: Choosing the Right One
Not all grease is created equal. For boat trailer bearings, you need a waterproof, marine-grade grease designed specifically for this application. These greases are formulated to resist washout and provide superior protection in wet environments. Look for greases with a high dropping point, indicating their ability to withstand high temperatures without melting. Lithium complex and calcium sulfonate greases are popular and effective choices.
Determining Your Greasing Schedule: Factors to Consider
While “before each launch, after long trips, and before storage” is a good rule of thumb, several factors can influence how often you need to grease your bearings:
- Frequency of Use: If you launch your boat multiple times a week, you’ll need to grease your bearings more frequently than someone who only uses their boat a few times a year.
- Distance Traveled: Long road trips put more stress on your bearings, requiring more frequent greasing.
- Submersion Depth: The deeper you submerge your trailer bearings, the more likely water is to penetrate the seals.
- Bearing Protection Systems: Some trailers come equipped with bearing buddies or other systems designed to pressurize the hub and prevent water intrusion. These systems can extend greasing intervals, but you still need to check them regularly.
- Environmental Conditions: Saltwater environments are particularly harsh and require more frequent greasing.
Greasing Techniques: Getting it Right
Proper greasing technique is just as important as the frequency. Here’s a quick overview:
- Use a Grease Gun: A grease gun is essential for forcing grease into the bearing.
- Apply Grease Slowly: Avoid over-pressurizing the hub, which can damage the seals.
- Listen for Grease Exiting the Relief Valve: Most bearing buddies have a relief valve that allows excess grease to escape. Stop greasing when you see grease coming out of the valve.
- Inspect the Seals: Regularly inspect the seals for cracks or damage. Replace them if necessary.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Boat Trailer Bearing Greasing
FAQ 1: What happens if I don’t grease my boat trailer bearings enough?
Neglecting to grease your bearings sufficiently leads to increased friction, overheating, and ultimately, bearing failure. This can result in wheel lock-up, causing accidents, damage to your trailer, and potentially stranding you. Furthermore, corroded and damaged bearings increase the risk of losing a wheel while driving.
FAQ 2: Can I over-grease my boat trailer bearings?
Yes, over-greasing can be detrimental. Over-pressurizing the hub can damage the seals, allowing water to enter and grease to escape. It can also cause the rear seal to blow out, resulting in grease contamination of your brake shoes (if equipped).
FAQ 3: How do I know if my boat trailer bearings are going bad?
Several warning signs indicate failing bearings:
- Unusual noises: Grinding, squealing, or roaring sounds coming from the wheel hubs.
- Excessive heat: Touching the hub after a drive and feeling excessive heat compared to other wheels.
- Wheel wobble: Noticeable wobble or play in the wheels when the trailer is jacked up.
- Grease leakage: Grease leaking from the seals or bearing buddies.
- Visible rust or corrosion: Obvious signs of rust or corrosion on the bearings or hubs.
FAQ 4: What is the best type of grease for boat trailer bearings?
The best grease is a waterproof, marine-grade grease formulated specifically for trailer bearings. Look for greases with a high dropping point and excellent resistance to water washout. Lithium complex and calcium sulfonate greases are commonly recommended.
FAQ 5: What are bearing buddies, and how do they help?
Bearing buddies are spring-loaded devices that replace the dust cap on your trailer hub. They maintain a slight positive pressure inside the hub, preventing water from entering. While they extend greasing intervals, they still require regular inspection and greasing.
FAQ 6: How do I grease my boat trailer bearings with bearing buddies?
Using a grease gun, attach the nozzle to the zerk fitting on the bearing buddy. Slowly pump grease into the hub until you see grease escaping from the relief valve. Avoid over-greasing.
FAQ 7: How often should I check my bearing buddies?
You should check your bearing buddies before each trip. Make sure they are properly filled and that there are no signs of damage or leakage.
FAQ 8: Can I mix different types of grease in my boat trailer bearings?
Mixing different types of grease is generally not recommended. They may not be compatible and could lead to grease breakdown and reduced lubrication. If you’re unsure what type of grease is currently in your bearings, it’s best to clean them thoroughly and repack them with fresh grease of a known type.
FAQ 9: Do I need to repack my boat trailer bearings, even if I grease them regularly?
Yes, repacking is recommended every 12 months or 12,000 miles, whichever comes first. This involves removing the bearings, cleaning them thoroughly, inspecting them for damage, and repacking them with fresh grease. Repacking ensures that the bearings are properly lubricated and allows you to identify any potential problems before they lead to failure.
FAQ 10: Can I repack my boat trailer bearings myself, or should I take it to a professional?
Repacking bearings is a manageable DIY task for experienced mechanics. It requires some specialized tools and knowledge. If you’re not comfortable performing the task yourself, it’s best to take your trailer to a qualified mechanic.
FAQ 11: What tools do I need to repack my boat trailer bearings?
You’ll need the following tools:
- Jack and jack stands
- Wheel chocks
- Socket set
- Wrench set
- Hammer
- Punch or brass drift
- Grease gun
- Bearing packer
- Cleaning solvent
- Shop towels
- New grease seals
- Appropriate marine grease
FAQ 12: What are the consequences of ignoring boat trailer bearing maintenance?
Ignoring boat trailer bearing maintenance can lead to serious consequences:
- Bearing failure: Leading to wheel lock-up and potential accidents.
- Damage to the trailer: Ruined hubs and other components.
- Stranded on the road: Inconvenience and expense of towing and repairs.
- Costly repairs: Replacing damaged components can be expensive.
- Safety hazard: Compromising the safety of yourself and others on the road.
By understanding the importance of proper greasing and adhering to a regular maintenance schedule, you can significantly extend the life of your boat trailer bearings and ensure safe and enjoyable boating experiences. Remember, preventative maintenance is always cheaper and less stressful than dealing with a breakdown.