Distinguishing an original movie poster from a reproduction can be tricky, requiring a keen eye and a knowledge of printing techniques, historical context, and telltale signs. The devil, as always, is in the details – paper stock, printing methods, and the poster’s provenance all play crucial roles in determining authenticity.
The Allure of Authenticity: Why Original Movie Posters Matter
Original movie posters are not just decorative items; they are historical artifacts, tangible pieces of film history. They offer a glimpse into the marketing strategies of the past and reflect the societal values and artistic styles of their time. For collectors, owning an original poster is like owning a piece of the film itself. The value of these posters can range from a few dollars to tens of thousands, depending on the film, star power, condition, and rarity. Because of this intrinsic value, the market is rife with reproductions, making it essential to know how to authenticate them.
Key Indicators of an Original Movie Poster
Many factors contribute to a poster’s authenticity, and no single element guarantees it. However, by examining several key aspects, you can significantly improve your chances of identifying a genuine article.
Paper Stock and Printing Techniques
- Original paper stock will often have a specific feel and weight. Pre-1980s posters were typically printed on thicker, heavier paper compared to the lighter, often glossy, stock used for reprints. Look for variations in paper texture and color. Test for acidity; older paper may be slightly acidic.
- Printing methods have evolved over time. Early posters were often printed using lithography, which involves using stone or metal plates to transfer images. Examine the poster closely with a magnifying glass. Lithographic prints often have a slightly raised texture, and the ink may have a subtle sheen. Later posters might have been printed using offset lithography, a more economical method. Modern reproductions are frequently printed digitally, which results in a flat, pixelated appearance under magnification.
- Examine the borders of the poster. Original posters often have printing information, such as copyright details, printer’s marks, and National Screen Service (NSS) numbers (more on this later), printed in the borders. The presence or absence of this information can be a crucial indicator of authenticity. Missing or incorrectly placed information can be a red flag.
- Beware of glossy finishes on older posters (pre-1980s). While some posters did use coated paper stock, it was less common. A highly glossy finish on an older poster is generally a sign of a reproduction.
Copyright Information and NSS Numbers
- The presence of a copyright notice (e.g., “Copyright (Year) by (Studio)”) is a good sign, but not a guarantee. Examine the notice closely. Does the year match the film’s release date? Is the copyright holder the correct studio? Mistakes in this information are common in reproductions.
- National Screen Service (NSS) numbers were used from the late 1930s to the mid-1980s. These numbers, typically found in the lower right-hand corner of the poster, provide information about the film’s release and printing. Research the correct NSS number for the specific movie; incorrect or missing numbers are a strong indication of a reproduction. Note that many international posters and those printed before the NSS system was established will not have an NSS number.
- Look for printer’s markings. Original posters often have small markings that identify the printer responsible for creating the poster. These marks can be helpful in verifying authenticity.
Visual Inspection and Condition
- Image sharpness and clarity are crucial. Modern digital printing techniques can produce incredibly sharp images, but they often lack the subtle nuances and depth of older printing methods. Compare the poster to known images of original posters. Look for any signs of pixelation or blurring.
- Color accuracy is another important consideration. Over time, colors can fade or shift. Reprints may try to mimic this fading, but they often get the colors wrong.
- The condition of the poster can also be a clue. While pristine condition is desirable, it can also be suspicious, especially for older posters. Look for signs of age, such as subtle creases, folds, or slight discoloration. However, be wary of artificially aged posters; some unscrupulous sellers intentionally damage reproductions to make them appear older.
FAQ: Your Burning Questions Answered
Here are some frequently asked questions that provide further clarification and insights into the world of movie poster authentication.
1. What is “linen backing” and does it guarantee authenticity?
Linen backing is a conservation process where a poster is adhered to a linen canvas for preservation and display. It does not guarantee authenticity. While linen backing is common for original posters to prevent further damage, reproductions are also often linen backed to increase their perceived value. It’s a method of preservation, not a confirmation of originality.
2. Can I trust online sources to verify a poster’s authenticity?
Online resources can be helpful, but be cautious. Compare the poster in question to images of known originals from reputable sources, such as museum archives, established auction houses, and recognized poster experts. Be wary of information from unknown or unreliable websites.
3. What is a “one-sheet” poster, and is it always original?
A one-sheet is a standard-sized movie poster (typically 27×41 inches or 27×40 inches). The size itself doesn’t determine authenticity. One-sheets are commonly reproduced, so apply all the other authentication methods.
4. How do I spot a fake rolled poster compared to an original folded one?
While most pre-1980s posters were folded for distribution, this isn’t a foolproof indicator. Some posters were originally rolled. Examine the folds: authentic folds tend to be crisp and well-defined. Newly created folds on reproductions often appear forced and unnatural. Also, look at the wear along the folds; genuine age will show subtle signs of wear and tear.
5. What are “teaser” posters and how do I authenticate them?
Teaser posters are early promotional posters released before a film’s release to generate buzz. They often feature minimal information and striking imagery. Authenticating teaser posters requires the same methods as standard posters: examine the paper stock, printing methods, copyright information, and condition. Rarity often drives up the value of original teaser posters.
6. Are all movie posters with “reprints” markings automatically fake?
Not necessarily. Some studios re-released films and reprinted the posters with a “reprint” or “re-release” notation. These are still considered vintage posters, but they are not first-release originals. The notation is a sign of transparency, making the poster less valuable but still collectable.
7. What is the significance of “country of origin” when authenticating posters?
Country of origin refers to the country where the poster was originally printed and distributed. Posters from the film’s country of origin (often the United States or the United Kingdom) are generally more desirable and valuable than posters from other countries. Check the language and copyright information to determine the country of origin.
8. How can I tell if a poster has been digitally restored or retouched?
Digital restoration can be difficult to detect. Look closely for inconsistencies in the image, such as areas that appear overly sharp or smooth compared to the rest of the poster. Examine the textures and details under magnification. Subtle imperfections are often a sign of originality.
9. Is it safe to buy movie posters from eBay or other online marketplaces?
Buying from online marketplaces can be risky. Always thoroughly research the seller’s reputation and read reviews carefully. Ask for high-resolution images of the poster and examine them closely. If possible, request a certificate of authenticity from a reputable source. Understand the return policy before making a purchase.
10. What is the role of a certificate of authenticity (COA) in verifying a poster’s originality?
A COA from a reputable and recognized expert or organization can provide added assurance, but it is not a foolproof guarantee. Research the issuer of the COA to ensure their expertise and credibility. Be wary of COAs from unknown or questionable sources.
11. How does UV light help in determining if a poster is original?
Under UV light, modern inks used in reproductions often fluoresce (glow), while older, original inks typically do not. This is because modern inks contain optical brighteners. While this test isn’t definitive, it can be a useful tool in detecting certain types of reproductions.
12. What should I do if I suspect a movie poster is not original?
If you have doubts about a poster’s authenticity, seek the opinion of a reputable movie poster expert or appraiser. They can provide a professional assessment based on their knowledge and experience. It is always better to err on the side of caution than to invest in a fake.
The Pursuit of Authenticity: A Collector’s Journey
Identifying original movie posters is a journey that requires patience, research, and a keen eye for detail. By understanding the printing techniques, historical context, and telltale signs of authenticity, you can navigate the world of movie poster collecting with confidence and acquire valuable pieces of film history. Remember, knowledge is your greatest weapon in the pursuit of authenticity.